Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 109

Devanagari script

ततो भीमः प्रणम्याह मनोवाक्कायवृद्धिभिः । कृतमाजन्मतः सव कुकृतं क्षम केशव

Transliteration

tato bhīmaḥ praṇamyāha manovākkāyavṛddhibhiḥ | kṛtamājanmataḥ sava kukṛtaṃ kṣama keśava

Translation

Then Bhīma bowed and said: “O Keśava, forgive all the wrongdoing I have committed from birth—through mind, speech, and body.”

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kāla (Time/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: देश/कालवाचक-अव्यय (thereupon/then)

• भीमः: Bhīma
• भीमः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• प्रणम्य: having bowed
• प्रणम्य: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र-नम् (धातु) → प्रणम्य (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययीभाव (gerund): having bowed

• आह: said
• आह: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह्/ब्रू (धातु; ‘to say’)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• मनः: by mind
• मनः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• वाक्: by speech
• वाक्: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• काय: by body
• काय: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• वृद्धिभिः: by (all) increases/acts
• वृद्धिभिः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• कृतम्: done (deed)
• कृतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (a deed done)

• आ-जनमतः: from birth
• आ-जनमतः: Kāla (Time/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ + जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + तसिल्
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय: आजन्मतः = from birth

• सर्वम्: all
• सर्वम्: Visheshana (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; (पाठे ‘सव’ = ‘सर्व’)

• कुकृतम्: wrongdoing, evil deed
• कुकृतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कु- + कृत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (bad + deed)

• क्षम: forgive
• क्षम: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षम (धातु: क्षम् ‘to forgive’)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• केशव: O Keśava
• केशव: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: केशव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

Speaker

Bhīma

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Bhīma, massive and warrior-like, kneels with folded hands before Keśava; his face softened by remorse; the battlefield fades into a quiet devotional space.

Characters & Entities

• Bhīma
• Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Repentance and seeking forgiveness purify the seeker; dharma begins with inner accountability.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

None in this verse; it is a devotional-prāyaścitta statement within the narrative.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

A general prāyaścitta attitude is expressed—confession and seeking forgiveness for faults of mind, speech, and body.