Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 44

Devanagari script

भोगः परिजनैः सार्धं दानावंध्यदिनागमः । विद्याव्यसनिता नित्यं नित्यं पित्रोरुपस्थितिः

Transliteration

bhogaḥ parijanaiḥ sārdhaṃ dānāvaṃdhyadināgamaḥ | vidyāvyasanitā nityaṃ nityaṃ pitrorupasthitiḥ

Translation

Enjoyment shared with family and companions; days that do not pass without charity; unwavering devotion to learning; and continual attendance upon one’s parents—these are celebrated as the dharmic excellences of the householder.

Word by Word

• भोगः: enjoyment, pleasure
• भोगः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• परिजनैः: with attendants/relatives
• परिजनैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन

• सार्धम्: together with
• सार्धम्: Sambandha (Association/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्धम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक-उपपद (indeclinable meaning 'together with')

• दान: gift, charity
• दान: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; समासपूर्वपद (as first member in compound)

• अवन्ध्य: unfailing, not fruitless
• अवन्ध्य: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अवन्ध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासपूर्वपद (as member in compound); नञ्-प्रत्ययार्थ (not fruitless)

• दिन: day
• दिन: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; समासपूर्वपद (as member in compound)

• आगमः: arrival (of days)
• आगमः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आगम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषसमासः: दान-अवन्ध्य-दिन-आगमः (arrival of days that make gifts unfailing)

• विद्या: knowledge, learning
• विद्या: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; समासपूर्वपद (as member in compound)

• व्यसनिता: devotion/addiction
• व्यसनिता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यसनिता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषसमासः: विद्या-व्यसनिता (addiction/devotion to learning)

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्यम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of time)

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्यम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरुक्ति (repetition for emphasis)

• पित्रोः: of (one’s) parents
• पित्रोः: Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), द्विवचन

• उपस्थितिः: attendance, service
• उपस्थितिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपस्थिति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

Speaker

Skanda

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī-kṣetra (general dharma within the kṣetra)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A Kāśī householder offers food and coins to a mendicant at the doorway, then sits with family for a shared meal; in the background, an elder couple is respectfully attended, and a palm-leaf manuscript rests on a low desk.

Characters & Entities

• Parents (pitṛ)
• Kāśī

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

A fulfilled dharmic life balances family joy with daily charity, lifelong learning, and devoted service to parents.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The verse is situated in Kāśī-khaṇḍa but does not name a particular tirtha.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Regular dāna (charity) is implicitly prescribed as a daily discipline.