Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 14

सामान्यतो नरकगतिवर्णनम्

General Description of the Course of Hell / Naraka-gati

तिला इव प्रपीड्यंते चक्राख्ये जनपिंडकाः । भ्रज्यंते चातपे तप्ते लोहभाण्डेष्वनेकधा

tilā iva prapīḍyaṃte cakrākhye janapiṃḍakāḥ | bhrajyaṃte cātape tapte lohabhāṇḍeṣvanekadhā

In the place called Cakra, masses of people are crushed as though they were sesame seeds; and in the blazing heat of the sun they are fried in many ways within red-hot iron vessels.

tilāḥsesame seeds
tilāḥ:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Roottila (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
ivalike/as
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (comparative particle)
prapīḍyanteare pressed/crushed
prapīḍyante:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√pīḍ (पीड् धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
cakra-ākhyein the so-called ‘wheel’ (device)
cakra-ākhye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcakra (प्रातिपदिक) + ākhya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular); ‘चक्र-आख्य’ = चक्र इति आख्यं यस्मिन्/यत् (named ‘wheel’)
jana-piṃḍakāḥhuman lumps/balls (of people)
jana-piṃḍakāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjana (प्रातिपदिक) + piṃḍaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): जनानां पिण्डकाः
bhrajyanteare fried/roasted
bhrajyante:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhrajj (भ्रज्ज् धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
ātapein the heat/sunshine
ātape:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootātapa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
tapteheated, scorching
tapte:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottapta (तप्त) < √tap (तप् धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular); ātape इति विशेषणम्
loha-bhāṇḍeṣuin iron vessels
loha-bhāṇḍeṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootloha (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (Plural); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: लोहेन/लोहस्य भाण्डेषु (iron vessels)
anekadhāin many ways
anekadhā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanekadhā (अव्यय)
Formरीति/प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb of manner: ‘in many ways’)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Mahākāla

Jyotirlinga: Mahākāleśvara

Sthala Purana: By association of name: Mahākāla as Śiva who subdues Time; the Purāṇic sthala tradition at Ujjayinī presents Śiva as the guardian of the city and bestower of liberation; here the verse’s ‘Cakra’ hell is not the jyotirliṅga site but resonates with Mahākāla’s time-punishment symbolism.

Significance: Darśana of Mahākāla is sought for fearlessness before death/time and for purification of heavy karmas through devotion and discipline.

Shakti Form: Kālī

Role: destructive

Cosmic Event: Hell-scene keyed to solar heat (ātapa) as an instrument of karmaphala

S
Shiva

FAQs

It vividly illustrates the fruit of binding karma (pāśa): when the soul (paśu) turns away from dharma and Shiva’s grace, it experiences intense suffering. The verse functions as a warning that liberation arises through purification, right conduct, and devotion to Pati (Lord Shiva).

By contrasting torment with the path of refuge, it implicitly points to Saguna Shiva—worshipped as the Linga—as the compassionate Lord who removes pāpa and loosens bondage. Devotional practices centered on the Linga are presented across the Purana as a means to transform karma and move toward Shiva’s liberating grace.

A practical takeaway is sincere Shiva-bhakti with daily japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”), along with purificatory observances (e.g., vibhūti/tripuṇḍra and prayerful repentance), to reduce sinful tendencies and reorient the mind toward moksha.