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Shloka 29

नरकलोकमार्गयमदूतस्वरूपवर्णनम् / Description of the Path to Naraka and the Nature of Yama’s Messengers

एकाकिनः पराधीना मित्रबन्धुविवर्जिताः । शोचंतस्स्वानि कर्म्माणि रुदंतश्च मुहुर्मुहुः

ekākinaḥ parādhīnā mitrabandhuvivarjitāḥ | śocaṃtassvāni karmmāṇi rudaṃtaśca muhurmuhuḥ

They remain utterly alone, dependent on others, and bereft of friends and kinsmen—lamenting their own deeds and weeping again and again.

एकाकिनःalone
एकाकिनः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएकाकिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st case), बहुवचन (Plural)
पराधीनाःdependent on others
पराधीनाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपराधीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st case), बहुवचन (Plural)
मित्र-बन्धु-विवर्जिताःbereft of friends and kin
मित्र-बन्धु-विवर्जिताः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक) + बन्धु (प्रातिपदिक) + विवर्जित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्ताधारित)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st case), बहुवचन (Plural); तत्पुरुष: 'devoid of friends and relatives'
शोचन्तःlamenting
शोचन्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootशुच् (धातु)
Formवर्तमान कृदन्त (Present active participle, शतृ), परस्मैपदी; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
स्वानिtheir own
स्वानि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative, 2nd case), बहुवचन (Plural)
कर्माणिdeeds
कर्माणि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative, 2nd case), बहुवचन (Plural)
रुदन्तःweeping
रुदन्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootरुद् (धातु)
Formवर्तमान कृदन्त (Present active participle, शतृ), परस्मैपदी; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
मुहुःagain and again
मुहुः:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)
मुहुःrepeatedly
मुहुः:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुनरुक्ति (reduplication) द्वारा आवृत्तिबोध (repetition for emphasis)

Suta Goswami (narrating the puranic teaching to the sages, describing the suffering born of bondage to karma and worldly dependence)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

FAQs

It highlights the fruit of pāśa-bandha—bondage through one’s own karma—where the soul becomes isolated, helpless, and remorseful. The implied Shaiva Siddhanta teaching is to turn from dependence on transient supports toward refuge in Pati (Lord Shiva), the liberator.

The verse underscores that worldly relations and supports cannot remove karmic sorrow; therefore, one should seek stable shelter in Saguna Shiva through Linga-worship, where devotion, purity, and surrender are directed to the compassionate Lord who loosens the bonds of karma.

A practical takeaway is steady japa of the Panchakshara—“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—with daily Linga-abhiṣeka and a mindset of repentance and resolve, offering one’s actions to Shiva to reduce karmic bondage.