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Shloka 27

नरकलोकमार्गयमदूतस्वरूपवर्णनम् / Description of the Path to Naraka and the Nature of Yama’s Messengers

विषमेणैव महता निर्जनापाश्रयेण च । तमोरूपेण कष्टेन सर्वदुष्टाश्रयेण च

viṣameṇaiva mahatā nirjanāpāśrayeṇa ca | tamorūpeṇa kaṣṭena sarvaduṣṭāśrayeṇa ca

It is indeed a dreadful and perilous place—vast and desolate like a lonely refuge, filled with painful darkness, and serving as a shelter for every kind of wicked being.

विषमेणuneven, difficult
विषमेण:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविषम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (मार्गेण—पूर्वश्लोकान्वयः)
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis: indeed/only)
महताgreat, very (intense)
महता:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषणम्
निर्जनापाश्रयेणhaving no refuge of people / without human shelter
निर्जनापाश्रयेण:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्जन-अपाश्रय (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (निर्जनस्य अपाश्रयः/आश्रयाभावः) विशेषणम्
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
तमोरूपेणdark in form
तमोरूपेण:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतमस्-रूप (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (तमसः रूपम्) विशेषणम्
कष्टेनpainful, harsh
कष्टेन:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषणम्
सर्वदुष्टाश्रयेणa resort of all wicked beings
सर्वदुष्टाश्रयेण:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व-दुष्ट-आश्रय (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सर्वेषां दुष्टानाम् आश्रयः) विशेषणम्
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Bhairava

Shakti Form: Kālī

Role: destructive

S
Shiva

FAQs

The verse describes a tamasic, painful state of existence—symbolic of pasha (bondage) where consciousness is covered by darkness and drawn toward unwholesome supports; Shaiva Siddhanta reads this as the soul’s condition when separated from Shiva’s grace and right knowledge.

Such descriptions contrast the refuge of darkness with the true refuge—Saguna Shiva in the Linga—whose worship purifies tamas and redirects the soul from duṣṭa-āśraya (wrong supports) to Shiva as the supreme āśraya (shelter).

A practical takeaway is tamas-shamana: daily japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), wearing Rudraksha with devotion, and applying Tripundra (bhasma) to cultivate purity and steadiness away from dark influences.