Previous Verse

Shloka 58

पापभेदवर्णनम्

Classification of Sins / Taxonomy of Pāpa

यः करोति स्वयं कर्म्म कारयेच्चानुमोदयेत् । कायेन मनसा वाचा तस्य पापगतिः फलम्

yaḥ karoti svayaṃ karmma kārayeccānumodayet | kāyena manasā vācā tasya pāpagatiḥ phalam

Whoever performs an act himself, causes another to do it, or even consents to it—through body, mind, or speech—attains the fruit that leads to a sinful state of existence.

यःwho (he who)
यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Relative subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
करोतिdoes
करोति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
स्वयम्oneself
स्वयम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Agent-modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, आत्मवाचक (reflexive adverb)
कर्मdeed; action
कर्म:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
कारयेत्should cause (someone) to do
कारयेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) (णिच्-प्रत्यय causative)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; णिच् (causative) — ‘to cause to do’
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)
अनुमोदयेत्should approve; should consent
अनुमोदयेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + मुद् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद (ātmanepada)
कायेनby the body
कायेन:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootकाय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन
मनसाby the mind
मनसा:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
वाचाby speech
वाचा:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootवाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन
पाप-गतिःsinful course/destiny
पाप-गतिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक) + गति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास: पाप + गति; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
फलम्(is) the result
फलम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootफल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (predicate nominative)

Suta Goswami (narrating the Shiva Purana teachings to the sages at Naimisharanya in the Umāsaṃhitā discourse)

Tattva Level: pasha

S
Shiva

FAQs

It teaches that karmic bondage (pāśa) is created not only by direct wrongdoing but also by instigating or approving it; purity must be guarded at the three levels—body, mind, and speech—so the soul (paśu) can move toward Shiva (Pati) and liberation.

Linga-worship is not merely external; it requires inner alignment. Approaching Saguna Shiva through the Linga while tolerating harmful acts in thought, word, or deed contradicts the spirit of worship; true devotion includes ethical restraint and repentance.

Practice tri-karana śuddhi (purification of body–mind–speech): daily japa of the Panchakshara “Om Namaḥ Śivāya,” sincere confession and resolve before Shiva, and discipline of speech (satya, hita) to avoid endorsing wrongdoing.