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Shloka 11

Pitṛbhakti and Śrāddha: The Classification of Pitṛs and the Superiority of Pitṛ-kārya

वाग्दुष्टः क्रोधनो हिंस्रः पिशुनः कविरेव च । स्वसृषः पितृवर्ती च नामभिः कर्मभिस्तथा

vāgduṣṭaḥ krodhano hiṃsraḥ piśunaḥ kavireva ca | svasṛṣaḥ pitṛvartī ca nāmabhiḥ karmabhistathā

“(Such a person is) foul in speech, prone to anger, violent, a slanderer, and also a deceiver; and likewise one who is devoted to his own sister and one who follows his father’s ways—(all these are known) by such names and by such deeds.”

वाक्-दुष्टःfoul-spoken
वाक्-दुष्टः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवाक् (प्रातिपदिक) + दुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘speech-bad’ = ‘foul-mouthed’
क्रोधनःwrathful
क्रोधनः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रोधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; गुणवाचक
हिंस्रःviolent
हिंस्रः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootहिंस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
पिशुनःslandering/malicious
पिशुनः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपिशुन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कविःpoet
कविः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
एवindeed/just
एव:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधारणार्थक निपात (emphatic particle: just/indeed)
and
:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)
स्वसॄषःof (his) sister
स्वसॄषः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वसृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन; ‘of (his) sister’
पितृ-वर्तीobedient to his father
पितृ-वर्ती:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ती (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘one who follows the father’
and
:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)
नामभिःby names
नामभिः:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
कर्मभिःby deeds/actions
कर्मभिः:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रकारवाचक/समुच्चयार्थक (adverb: thus/likewise)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Bhairava

Significance: Catalogues behavioral ‘pāśa’—speech, anger, violence, slander, deceit, and taboo conduct—as binding forces that obscure jñāna; motivates ethical purification as a prerequisite for Śiva-bhakti and grace.

Shakti Form: Durgā

Role: destructive

S
Shiva

FAQs

It lists behavioral marks of inner impurity—speech-vice, anger, violence, and deceit—which, in Shaiva Siddhanta terms, strengthen pāśa (bondage) and obstruct steady Shiva-bhakti and liberation.

Linga-worship is not only external ritual but inner purification; this verse implies that devotion to Saguna Shiva bears fruit when the devotee restrains harmful speech and conduct, aligning karma with dharma.

Adopt restraint of speech and anger as a vrata, and support it with daily japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and simple Shiva-upāsanā (e.g., offering water to the Linga) to purify tendencies.