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Shloka 60

पितृसर्ग-श्राद्धमाहात्म्य-प्रश्नः

Pitṛ-sarga and the Greatness of Śrāddha: The Inquiry

एवं ते पितरो देवा धर्मतः पुत्रतां गताः । अन्योन्यं पितरो वै ते प्रथिताः क्षितिमण्डले

evaṃ te pitaro devā dharmataḥ putratāṃ gatāḥ | anyonyaṃ pitaro vai te prathitāḥ kṣitimaṇḍale

Thus those Pitṛs, who were indeed divine, by the ordinance of Dharma attained the state of sons; and, in mutual succession, they became renowned on the earth as one another’s fathers.

एवम्thus
एवम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्योपपादन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकार/रीति-अर्थे (adverb of manner)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural, masc.)
पितरःthe Pitṛs / forefathers
पितरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural)
देवाःgods
देवाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural); पितरः इत्यस्य विशेषणवत् (appositional)
धर्मतःaccording to dharma
धर्मतः:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (तद्धित/अव्यय-प्रत्यय)
Formअव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb) = 'धर्मात्/धर्मेण' (according to dharma)
पुत्रताम्sonship (state of being sons)
पुत्रताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्रता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचनम् (Accusative singular); गताः इत्यस्य कर्म (goal/state)
गताःhaving attained
गताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु) → गत (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा बहुवचनम्; 'गच्छ्' अर्थे—'प्राप्ताः' (having attained)
अन्योन्यम्mutually / to one another
अन्योन्यम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः; क्रियाविशेषणम् (reciprocal adverb)
पितरःthe Pitṛs
पितरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural)
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural)
प्रथिताःbecame renowned
प्रथिताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-था (धातु) → प्रथित (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा बहुवचनम्; 'प्रसिद्धाः' (become renowned)
क्षितिमण्डलेon the earth-sphere / in the world
क्षितिमण्डले:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षितिमण्डल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी एकवचनम् (Locative singular); क्षितेः मण्डलम् इति षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (earth-sphere)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Īśāna

P
Pitrs
D
Devas
D
Dharma

FAQs

It affirms that lineage and ancestral succession operate under Dharma’s cosmic order: even divine Pitṛs participate in worldly generation, showing how karma and righteous law structure embodied life, which Shaiva teaching ultimately directs toward liberation under Pati (Shiva).

By highlighting Dharma and ancestral continuity, the verse frames household and social duties as part of the ordered path; in Shaiva practice, such duties are sanctified by worship of Saguna Shiva (Linga) so that worldly obligations become purifying rather than binding.

Pitṛ-related observances such as tarpaṇa and śrāddha performed with Shaiva devotion—mentally offering the act to Shiva while reciting the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya)—align family duty with spiritual purification.