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Shloka 25

पितृसर्ग-श्राद्धमाहात्म्य-प्रश्नः

Pitṛ-sarga and the Greatness of Śrāddha: The Inquiry

शृणु त्वं भारतश्रेष्ठ वेदधर्मांश्च शाश्वतान् । प्रमाणं वेदधर्मस्य पुत्र निर्वर्त्तितं त्वया

śṛṇu tvaṃ bhārataśreṣṭha vedadharmāṃśca śāśvatān | pramāṇaṃ vedadharmasya putra nirvarttitaṃ tvayā

Listen, O best of the Bhāratas, to these eternal ordinances of Vedic dharma. O son, you yourself have already established the proper standard and authoritative example of Vedic conduct.

śṛṇulisten
śṛṇu:
Karta (कर्ता/imperative to listener)
TypeVerb
Rootśru (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्/Loṭ), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता/addressee)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
bhārata-śreṣṭhaO best of the Bhāratas
bhārata-śreṣṭha:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
TypeNoun
Rootbhārata (प्रातिपदिक) + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; तत्पुरुष: bhāratānāṃ śreṣṭhaḥ (‘best among the Bhāratas’)
veda-dharmānVedic duties
veda-dharmān:
Karma (कर्म/object of śṛṇu)
TypeNoun
Rootveda (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); तत्पुरुष: vedasya dharmāḥ (‘Vedic duties/laws’)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)
śāśvatāneternal
śāśvatān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootśāśvata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; adjective qualifying veda-dharmān
pramāṇamthe authority; the exemplar
pramāṇam:
Karma (कर्म/predicate object)
TypeNoun
Rootpramāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular; predicate/appositive in context
veda-dharmasyaof Vedic dharma
veda-dharmasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootveda (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; तत्पुरुष: vedasya dharmaḥ
putraO son
putra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular
nirvartitamaccomplished; established
nirvartitam:
Karta (कर्ता/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootnir-vṛt (धातु) + nirvartita (कृदन्त, PPP)
FormKridanta PPP (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative, Singular; agrees with pramāṇam; passive ‘accomplished/established’
tvayāby you
tvayā:
Karana (करण/agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

Lord Shiva (as the supreme teacher speaking to a royal/heroic interlocutor addressed as 'son')

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Role: teaching

FAQs

The verse presents Vedic dharma as eternal and emphasizes that true authority in dharma is proven through lived practice—conduct aligned with Shiva’s teaching becomes the pramāṇa that steadies the seeker toward liberation under the Lord’s guidance.

It frames Shiva not only as the object of worship (Saguna Shiva in Linga form) but also as the revealer of right discipline; Linga-worship bears fruit when supported by śāśvata-vedadharma—purity, restraint, and faithful observance.

The takeaway is dharma-anchored sādhana: daily Shiva worship with mantra-japa (especially the Panchākṣarī, Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and disciplined conduct; the verse stresses embodying the practice so it becomes an authentic standard (pramāṇa).