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Shloka 75

Kālajñāna (Knowledge of Time) and Mṛtyu-cihna (Signs of Death): Śiva’s Instruction to Umā

एतत्ते कथितं देवि कालचक्रं गतायुषः । लोकानां च हितार्थाय किमन्यच्छ्रोतुमिच्छसि

etatte kathitaṃ devi kālacakraṃ gatāyuṣaḥ | lokānāṃ ca hitārthāya kimanyacchrotumicchasi

O Goddess, thus have I explained to you the Wheel of Time (kālacakra) that bears beings toward the end of their span of life. I have spoken it also for the welfare of the worlds. What else do you wish to hear?

etatthis (teaching/statement)
etat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootetat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1/2 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
teto you
te:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormDative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular (एकवचन)
kathitamhas been told
kathitam:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kath (कथ् धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1/2), Singular; agrees with etat
deviO Goddess
devi:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdevī (देवी-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular
kālacakramthe wheel/cycle of time
kālacakram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (काल-प्रातिपदिक) + cakra (चक्र-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष): kālasya cakram
gatāyuṣaḥof those whose lifespan is spent
gatāyuṣaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootgata (गत-प्रातिपदिक, from √gam गम्) + āyus (आयुस्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन); बहुव्रीहि: gataṃ āyuḥ yeṣām (those whose lifespan has gone)
lokānāmof the worlds/people
lokānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (लोक-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
hitārthāyafor the welfare (purpose)
hitārthāya:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/अर्थ)
TypeNoun
Roothita (हित-प्रातिपदिक) + artha (अर्थ-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष): hitasya arthaḥ (purpose of welfare)
kimwhat
kim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (किम्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; interrogative
anyatother
anyat:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanya (अन्य-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifies kim
śrotumto hear
śrotum:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Root√śru (श्रु धातु) + tumun (तुमुन्)
FormInfinitive (तुमुनन्त), expresses purpose/object of desire
icchasido you wish
icchasi:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√iṣ (इष् धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

Lord Shiva

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Shakti Form: Umā

Role: teaching

Cosmic Event: Kālacakra as universal driver of embodied beings toward āyuḥ-kṣaya

P
Parvati

FAQs

The verse underscores impermanence under Kāla (Time) and frames Shiva’s teaching as loka-hita (for the welfare of all), pointing seekers toward dispassion, right understanding, and the Shaiva aim of liberation through turning to Pati (Shiva) beyond the binding forces.

By highlighting the time-bound nature of embodied life, it implicitly directs the devotee to take refuge in Saguna Shiva—worshipped as the Linga—as the accessible form of the timeless Lord who grants steadiness of mind and the path beyond worldly change.

A practical takeaway is daily japa of the Panchakshara (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with contemplation on Kāla (life’s brevity), supported by Shaiva disciplines such as Tripuṇḍra (bhasma), Rudrāksha, and inward meditation on Shiva as the witness beyond time.