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Shloka 74

Kālajñāna (Knowledge of Time) and Mṛtyu-cihna (Signs of Death): Śiva’s Instruction to Umā

धावमानप्रवाहेण दिनमेकं स जीवति । चक्रमे तत्परासोर्हि पुराविद्भिरुदाहृतम्

dhāvamānapravāheṇa dinamekaṃ sa jīvati | cakrame tatparāsorhi purāvidbhirudāhṛtam

Swept along by a rushing current, he survives for only a single day. Indeed, that state in which life is cut short was declared by the ancient sages to be an entering into the “cakra,” the cycle.

धावमान-प्रवाहेणby the running/rapid flow
धावमान-प्रवाहेण:
Karana (करण/instrumental cause)
TypeNoun
Rootधावमान (कृदन्त, शतृ from धाव्) + प्रवाह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; समासः: धावमानप्रवाह (तत्पुरुष; 'धावमानस्य प्रवाहः')
दिनम्a day
दिनम्:
Karma (कर्म/extent of time)
TypeNoun
Rootदिन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
एकम्one
एकम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; adjective qualifying दिनम्
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
जीवतिlives
जीवति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजीव् (धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्/present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular
चक्रम्a cycle; wheel
चक्रम्:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; demonstrative adjective qualifying चक्रम्
पर-असोःof the departing life-breath (of one near death)
पर-असोः:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक) + असु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; समासः: परासु (तत्पुरुष; 'परः असुः' = departing life)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, emphatic particle
पुरा-विद्भिःby the ancient sages/knowers of old
पुरा-विद्भिः:
Karana (करण/agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरा (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + विद् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); समासः: पुराविद् (तत्पुरुष; 'पुराणं वेत्ति' = knower of old lore)
उदाहृतम्declared; stated
उदाहृतम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/implicit 'is declared')
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्-आ-हृ (धातु) → उदाहृत (कृदन्त, क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; agrees with चक्रम्

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Cosmic Event: Approach of death described as being caught in a ‘cakra’ (whirlpool/cycle)

S
Shiva

FAQs

It warns that embodied life can be carried away like a person in a violent current—short, uncertain, and bound to a repeating cycle—therefore one should seek Shiva (Pati) for release from the bonds (pāśa) of karma.

By emphasizing impermanence and the ‘cycle,’ it directs the devotee toward steady refuge in Saguna Shiva through Linga-worship—an accessible focus for devotion that purifies karma and turns the mind toward the transcendent Lord.

Regular japa of the Panchakshara mantra (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with disciplined worship (puja/abhisheka) is implied as a practical means to stabilize the mind and move beyond the karmic cycle.