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Shloka 49

Bhāratavarṣa–Navabheda-Vyavasthā

The Nine Divisions of Bhāratavarṣa and Its Sacred Geography

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्त्रिया वैश्याश्शूद्राश्चानुक्रमोदिताः । संति तत्र महानद्यस्सप्तान्यास्तु सहस्रशः

brāhmaṇāḥ kṣattriyā vaiśyāśśūdrāścānukramoditāḥ | saṃti tatra mahānadyassaptānyāstu sahasraśaḥ

There, the people are spoken of in due order as brāhmaṇas, kṣatriyas, vaiśyas, and śūdras. In that region there are also great rivers—seven principal ones, and thousands more besides.

ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
क्षत्त्रियाःKshatriyas
क्षत्त्रियाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्त्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
वैश्याःVaishyas
वैश्याः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
शूद्राःShudras
शूद्राः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
अनुक्रमोदिताःmentioned in sequence
अनुक्रमोदिताः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुक्रम-उदित (कृदन्त; √उद्/उद्- धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत (past passive participle); समासः—अनुक्रमेण उदिताः (in order mentioned)
सन्तिare / exist
सन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)
महानद्यःgreat rivers
महानद्यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः—महत्यः नद्यः (great rivers)
सप्तseven
सप्त:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्त (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् संख्या-विशेषण; (here) प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचनार्थे (qualifying plural noun)
अन्याःother
अन्याः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
तुbut / indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle; contrast/emphasis)
सहस्रशःby thousands / in thousands
सहस्रशः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Adverbial qualifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहस्रशस् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकार/परिमाणवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of manner/number)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

FAQs

It presents sacred geography as a field for dharma: harmonious social order and the presence of many rivers together indicate a land conducive to purification, right conduct, and gradual spiritual uplift under Shiva’s grace (Pati) for bound souls (paśu).

By highlighting holy rivers and a dharmic setting, the verse supports the Shiva Purana’s tīrtha-centered devotion where devotees approach Saguna Shiva—often through linga worship—after purification and disciplined living, making worship steady and fruitful.

A practical takeaway is tīrtha-snāna (ritual bathing) with remembrance of Shiva—mentally repeating the Pañcākṣarī “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—as preparatory purity before linga-pūjā; if available, applying tripuṇḍra (bhasma) afterward aligns with Shaiva practice.