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Shloka 37

नरकनामनिर्णयः

Catalogue of Narakas and Karmic Causes

तदेव प्रीतये भूत्वा पुनर्दुःखाय जायते । तत्स्याद्दुःखात्मकं नास्ति न च किंचित्सुखात्मकम्

tadeva prītaye bhūtvā punarduḥkhāya jāyate | tatsyādduḥkhātmakaṃ nāsti na ca kiṃcitsukhātmakam

That very thing which first arises for one’s delight later becomes a cause of sorrow again. Indeed, in this world there is nothing that is purely made of suffering, and nothing whatsoever that is purely made of happiness.

तत्that (same thing)
तत्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन
एवindeed/only
एव:
Particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारणार्थक-निपात (particle of emphasis)
प्रीतयेfor pleasure
प्रीतये:
Sampradāna/Purpose (सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative; purpose), एकवचन
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, Absolutive/Gerund)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
दुःखायfor sorrow
दुःखाय:
Sampradāna/Purpose (सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative; purpose/result), एकवचन
जायतेis born/arises
जायते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद
तत्that
तत्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
स्यात्would be/may be
स्यात्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
दुःख-आत्मकम्of the nature of sorrow
दुःख-आत्मकम्:
Predicate (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः (तत्पुरुष: दुःखं आत्मा/स्वभावः यस्य); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
not
:
Negation (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation particle)
अस्तिexists/is
अस्ति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
nor/not
:
Negation (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात
and
:
Conjunction (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)
किञ्चित्anything
किञ्चित्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अनिश्चितार्थक (indefinite)
सुख-आत्मकम्of the nature of happiness
सुख-आत्मकम्:
Predicate (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः (तत्पुरुष: सुखं आत्मा/स्वभावः यस्य); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Lord Shiva (teaching Umā/Parvati in the Uma Samhita’s philosophical discourse)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: teaching

S
Shiva
P
Parvati

FAQs

It teaches viveka (discernment): worldly objects are unstable and produce mixed results—what feels like sukha later ripens into duḥkha. Seeing this, the seeker turns from pasha-bound experience toward Pati (Shiva), who is the steady refuge beyond such fluctuations.

Linga-worship anchors the mind in Shiva as the unchanging reality. By recognizing that all worldly enjoyments are mixed and impermanent, devotion shifts from chasing temporary sukha to steady bhakti toward Saguna Shiva (and through Him, realization of the higher, unwavering truth).

Practice japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with a vow of equanimity toward sukha and duḥkha; apply Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) as a daily reminder of impermanence; and meditate on Shiva as the inner witness who is not shaken by changing experiences.