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Shloka 22

नरकनामनिर्णयः

Catalogue of Narakas and Karmic Causes

एते चान्ये च नरकाः शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः । येषु दुष्कृतकर्माणः पच्यते यातनागताः

ete cānye ca narakāḥ śataśo'tha sahasraśaḥ | yeṣu duṣkṛtakarmāṇaḥ pacyate yātanāgatāḥ

These and many other hells—by the hundreds and even by the thousands—exist; in them, those who commit evil deeds, having fallen into states of punishment, are “cooked” in torment. From the Shaiva standpoint, such suffering arises from pāśa (bondage) forged by one’s own karma, until the soul turns toward Pati (Lord Śiva) and the path of purification.

एतेthese
एते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा) बहुवचनम्; demonstrative pronoun used substantively
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction/particle)
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st) बहुवचनम्; adjective used substantively
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)
नरकाःhells
नरकाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनरक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st) बहुवचनम्
शतशःby hundreds
शतशः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशतशस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; प्रकार/परिमाणवाचक (adverb of number: 'by hundreds')
अथthen/also
अथ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनन्तरार्थक/प्रसङ्गार्थक (then/also)
सहस्रशःby thousands
सहस्रशः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहस्रशस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; परिमाणवाचक (adverb of number: 'by thousands')
येषुin which (hells)
येषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी) बहुवचनम्; relative pronoun
दुष्कृतकर्माणःevil-doers / those of sinful deeds
दुष्कृतकर्माणः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्कृत-कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; components: दुष्कृत + कर्मन्)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st) बहुवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (दुष्कृतं कर्म यस्य/येषाम्) used as substantive for sinners
पच्यतेare cooked/tormented
पच्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपच् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकारः (Present), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd), एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्; कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (passive)
यातनागताःhaving entered torment
यातनागताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootयातना-गत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; components: यातना + गत)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st) बहुवचनम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle) ‘गत’; द्वितीया-तत्पुरुष/उपपद-समासः (यातनां गताः = having reached torment)

Suta Goswami (narrating the Shiva Purana discourse to the sages, consistent with Purana frame narrative)

Tattva Level: pasha

FAQs

It emphasizes that suffering is not arbitrary: karmic bondage (pāśa) ripens into painful results. The verse urges ethical living and a turn toward Śiva (Pati) through purification and devotion to end the cycle of punishment and rebirth.

By highlighting the consequences of duṣkṛta (harmful deeds), it indirectly points to the remedial path taught in Shaiva tradition—approaching Saguna Śiva through Liṅga worship, repentance, and disciplined practice, which purifies karma and loosens pāśa.

A practical takeaway is regular japa of the Panchākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with a vow of non-harming and self-restraint; this aligns conduct with dharma and supports karmic purification.