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Shloka 43

नरकयातनावर्णनम् / Description of Hell-Torments for Specific Transgressions

हंतकारस्तथैवान्यो धेन्वा स्तनचतुष्टयम् । स्वाहाकारं स्तनं देवास्स्वधां च पितरस्तथा

haṃtakārastathaivānyo dhenvā stanacatuṣṭayam | svāhākāraṃ stanaṃ devāssvadhāṃ ca pitarastathā

Another utterance is “haṁt-kāra”; and the cow is said to have four teats. The gods partake of one teat as “svāhā,” and likewise the Pitṛs partake of another as “svadhā.”

हंत-कारःthe ‘hanta’ utterance
हंत-कारः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootहंत (अव्यय/उद्गार) + कार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
एवindeed/just
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
अन्यःanother
अन्यः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण
धेन्वाby the cow
धेन्वा:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन
स्तन-चतुष्टयम्the set of four teats
स्तन-चतुष्टयम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्तन (प्रातिपदिक) + चतुष्टय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (चतुष्टयं स्तनानाम्)
स्वाहा-कारम्the ‘svāhā’ utterance
स्वाहा-कारम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाहा (अव्यय/मन्त्रपद) + कार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
स्तनम्teat/breast
स्तनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्तन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), बहुवचन
स्वधाम्‘svadhā’ (invocation)
स्वधाम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
पितरःthe ancestors (pitṛs)
पितरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), बहुवचन
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

D
Devas
P
Pitaras

FAQs

It frames sacred utterances (like svāhā and svadhā) as channels through which cosmic recipients are nourished, implying that sound, offering, and order (dharma) are interconnected—ultimately grounded in Shiva’s supreme governance as Pati.

In Shiva-centered practice, all Vedic offerings and their mantric calls are understood to be empowered by Shiva; thus, honoring the Linga/Saguna Shiva aligns and sanctifies yajña—benefiting both Devas (svāhā) and Pitṛs (svadhā).

It points to correct mantra-usage in offerings—reciting “svāhā” for Devas and “svadhā” for Pitṛs—while maintaining Shaiva remembrance (e.g., mentally anchoring the rite in Shiva as the inner witness of all sacrifice).