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Shloka 44

Arjuna–Gaṇa Saṃvāda: Bāṇādhikāra, Tāpasa-veṣa, and the Ethics of Tapas (अर्जुन-गणसंवादः)

तच्छ्रुत्वा तु पुनः प्राह प्रार्थस्तं दूतमागतम् । वाहिनीपतये वाच्यम्विपरीतम्भविष्यति

tacchrutvā tu punaḥ prāha prārthastaṃ dūtamāgatam | vāhinīpataye vācyamviparītambhaviṣyati

Hearing that, he again spoke to the messenger who had come with a request: “Tell your commander of the army—things will turn out contrary to what you expect.”

tatthat (message/thing)
tat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; demonstrative pronoun
śrutvāhaving heard
śrutvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootśru (श्रु धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), indeclinable verbal; ‘having heard’
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle/conjunction (निपात)
punaḥagain
punaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
prāhasaid
prāha:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootah (अह्/ब्रू धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
prārthaḥthe petitioner/suitor
prārthaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprārtha (प्रार्थ प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
tamto him/that
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; pronoun
dūtammessenger
dūtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdūta (दूत प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
āgatamarrived/come
āgatam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootā√gam (आगम् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying ‘dūtam’
vāhinīpatayeto the commander/lord of the army
vāhinīpataye:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootvāhinī-pati (वाहिनी + पति प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; तत्पुरुष ‘army + lord’
vācyamto be said/should be spoken
vācyam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/vidhi)
TypeAdjective
Rootvac (वच् धातु)
FormGerundive/necessitative (तव्यत्/यत्), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative Singular; impersonal ‘it should be said’
viparītamcontrary/opposite
viparītam:
Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (विधेय-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootviparīta (विपरीत प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; predicate adjective
bhaviṣyatiwill be
bhaviṣyati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (भू धातु)
FormFuture (लृट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Suta Goswami (narrating the dialogue within the Shatarudrasaṃhitā)

Tattva Level: pashu

S
Shiva

FAQs

It highlights that outcomes are ultimately governed by Pati (the Supreme Lord), not by mere force or strategy; when actions oppose dharma and Shiva’s will, results become viparīta—reversed and corrective.

In Shaiva practice, Saguna Shiva (as the accessible Lord) is approached through humility and devotion; the verse echoes that worldly authority must yield to Shiva’s higher sovereignty, which Linga-worship ritually affirms.

A practical takeaway is japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with a surrendering intention, coupled with Tripuṇḍra/bhasma as a reminder that pride and power are transient before Shiva.