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Shloka 21

Droṇācārya’s Tapas and the Manifestation of Śiva: The Birth-Grant of Aśvatthāmā (अश्वत्थामा-अवतार-प्रसङ्गः)

पुत्रशोकेन विकलमापतन्तं तमर्जुनम् । रथेनाच्युतवंतं हि दृष्ट्वा स च पराद्रवत्

putraśokena vikalamāpatantaṃ tamarjunam | rathenācyutavaṃtaṃ hi dṛṣṭvā sa ca parādravat

Seeing Arjuna—overwhelmed and collapsing under grief for his son—mounted in a chariot driven by Acyuta (Śrī Kṛṣṇa), he too fled away in haste.

पुत्र-शोकेनdue to grief for (his) son
पुत्र-शोकेन:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + शोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (हेतु/करण), एकवचन; समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (पुत्रस्य शोकः)
विकलम्distressed, weakened
विकलम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootविकल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; विशेषण (तम्/अर्जुनम्)
आपतन्तम्falling down / rushing (towards)
आपतन्तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + पत् (धातु)
Formवर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ), परस्मैपद-धातु; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘falling/coming down’
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
अर्जुनम्Arjuna
अर्जुनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
रथेनby/with a chariot
रथेन:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन
अच्युत-वन्तम्accompanied by Acyuta (Krishna)
अच्युत-वन्तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootअच्युत (प्रातिपदिक) + वत् (प्रातिपदिक/प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; समास: उपपद-तत्पुरुष/षष्ठीभाव (अच्युतः यस्य सः = ‘having Acyuta’); विशेषण (अर्जुनम्)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), अवधान/कारणार्थक
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
परा-अद्रवत्ran away
परा-अद्रवत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपरा + द्रु (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

A
Arjuna
A
Acyuta (Krishna)

FAQs

The verse highlights how intense attachment-born sorrow (śoka) destabilizes even great heroes, while fear and flight arise in those who lack inner refuge; Shaiva Siddhanta reads this as a prompt to seek Pati (Shiva) as the steady ground beyond changing emotions.

In the face of grief and panic, the Shiva Purana repeatedly directs the devotee to Saguna Shiva—worshipped as the Linga—as an accessible support for the mind, leading it from agitation toward clarity and surrender.

A practical takeaway is japa of the Panchakshara mantra (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) to steady the mind in sorrow; if initiated, support it with Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrākṣa as reminders of Shiva as the inner protector.