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Shloka 40

Jaṭilāvatāra-Parīkṣā: Pārvatyāḥ Tapasāṃ Parīkṣaṇam

The Jaṭilā Episode and the Testing of Pārvatī’s Austerity

शिवं त्वं च न जानासि शिवात्त्वं हि बहिर्मुखः । त्वत्पूजा च कृता यन्मे तस्मात्तापयुताऽभवम्

śivaṃ tvaṃ ca na jānāsi śivāttvaṃ hi bahirmukhaḥ | tvatpūjā ca kṛtā yanme tasmāttāpayutā'bhavam

You do not truly know Śiva, for you have turned your face away from Śiva. Yet since you once worshipped me, for that reason I became burdened with suffering, bearing the pain of austerity.

śivamŚiva (as object)
śivam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśiva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात, conjunction)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-nipāta (निषेध-निपात, negation particle)
jānāsiyou know
jānāsi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootjñā (ज्ञा-धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्, present), Madhyama-puruṣa (मध्यमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
śivātfrom Śiva / regarding Śiva (ablative)
śivāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootśiva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Pañcamī (5th/पञ्चमी, ablative), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
hiindeed / for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvadhāraṇa/hetu-nipāta (अवधारण/हेतु-निपात, emphatic/causal particle)
bahirmukhaḥoutward-facing, turned away (from within)
bahirmukhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbahis + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa-samāsa (तत्पुरुष), Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of tvam
tvatpūjāyour worship
tvatpūjā:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottvat (युष्मद्-षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध) + pūjā (पूजा-प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa-samāsa (तत्पुरुष, ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa), Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात, conjunction)
kṛtādone, performed
kṛtā:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (कृ-धातु)
FormKta-pratyaya (क्त, past passive participle), Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन); agrees with pūjā
yatwhich
yat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन); relative pronoun
mefor me / to me
me:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (अस्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Caturthī (4th/चतुर्थी) or Ṣaṣṭhī (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (एकवचन); enclitic form; here: ‘for me’ (dative)
tasmāttherefore / from that
tasmāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Pañcamī (5th/पञ्चमी), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
tāpa-yutāendowed with suffering/torment
tāpa-yutā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roottāpa (ताप-प्रातिपदिक) + yuta (युत-प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa-samāsa (तत्पुरुष), Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन); predicate adjective with implied ‘aham’
abhavamI became
abhavam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (भू-धातु)
FormLuṅ-lakāra (लुङ्, aorist), Uttama-puruṣa (उत्तमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद); with prefix a- (अ-)

Lord Shiva

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Role: teaching

S
Shiva

FAQs

The verse contrasts being bahirmukha (externally oriented, turned away from the Lord) with true knowledge of Śiva; it teaches that ignorance of Pati (Śiva) causes separation, yet even partial worship generates karmic and spiritual consequences that draw the soul back toward Śiva.

It implies that even when one lacks direct realization of Nirguṇa Śiva, worship offered to Saguna Śiva (such as Liṅga-pūjā) is not wasted; it creates a link to Śiva that can mature into deeper devotion and right understanding.

The practical takeaway is to turn inward from bahirmukhatā through regular Śiva-pūjā and japa—especially Panchākṣarī mantra japa ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya")—supported by Shaiva marks like bhasma (Tripuṇḍra) and Rudrākṣa where appropriate.