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Shloka 17

Yatinātha-līlā: Śiva’s Test of the Bhilla Devotees at Arbuda Mountain

रात्रौ तम्पशवः क्रूरा हिंसकाः समपीडयन् । तेनापि च यथाशक्ति कृतो यत्नो महांस्तदा

rātrau tampaśavaḥ krūrā hiṃsakāḥ samapīḍayan | tenāpi ca yathāśakti kṛto yatno mahāṃstadā

At night, those fierce and violent creatures tormented him greatly; even so, he then exerted a mighty effort, to the best of his ability.

रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative of time)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; Locative singular used adverbially (time)
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; pronoun
पशवःbeasts/animals
पशवः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपशु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
क्रूराःcruel
क्रूराः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; adjective qualifying ‘पशवः’
हिंसकाःviolent, harmful
हिंसकाः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootहिंसक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; adjective qualifying ‘पशवः’
समपीडयन्tormented, oppressed
समपीडयन्:
क्रिया (Verb/Action)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+पीड् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/लङ्), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; ‘they tormented/pressed’
तेनby him/thereby
तेन:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; instrumental
अपिalso, even
अपि:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle); concessive/emphatic ‘also/even’
and
:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
यथा-शक्तिas much as possible
यथा-शक्ति:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय) + शक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; adverbial phrase meaning ‘according to ability’
कृतःdone, made
कृतः:
क्रिया-विशेषण/विधेय (Predicative participle)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formकृत-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle/कृदन्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; agrees with ‘यत्नः’
यत्नःeffort
यत्नः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
महान्great
महान्:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; adjective qualifying ‘यत्नः’
तदाthen
तदा:
कालाधिकरण (Temporal adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Bhairava

Shakti Form: Kālī

Role: destructive

Cosmic Event: Nocturnal violence as a narrative emblem of tamas and karmic pressure (pāśa) tightening on the embodied being.

S
Shiva

FAQs

It highlights the devotee’s steadfastness amid fear and suffering—an image of the pashu (bound soul) striving against pasha (bondage) until Pati (Shiva) grants protection and grace.

In Purana narrative style, such torment underscores why devotees take refuge in Saguna Shiva—approaching the Linga as a tangible sanctuary of Shiva’s protective presence when worldly forces become hostile.

The practical takeaway is to persist in japa—especially the Panchakshara (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”)—with steady resolve during adversity, seeking Shiva’s guardianship.