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Shloka 27

बाणस्य शोकः शिवस्मरणं च — Bāṇa’s Grief and the Turn to Śiva-Remembrance

ब्राह्मणं ते मुखं प्राहुर्बाहुं क्षत्रियमेव च । ऊरुजं वैश्यमाहुस्ते पादजं शूद्रमेव च

brāhmaṇaṃ te mukhaṃ prāhurbāhuṃ kṣatriyameva ca | ūrujaṃ vaiśyamāhuste pādajaṃ śūdrameva ca

They declare your mouth to be the Brāhmaṇa; your arms, indeed, the Kṣatriya. They say your thighs are the Vaiśya, and your feet, indeed, the Śūdra—thus portraying the four social orders as arising from your cosmic person, as differentiated functions within a single sacred whole.

brāhmaṇamBrāhmaṇa (priestly class)
brāhmaṇam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
teyour
te:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक सर्वनाम)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)
mukhammouth/face
mukham:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locus)
TypeNoun
Rootmukha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular); here as the locus/source being identified
prāhuḥthey have said/call
prāhuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√ah (अह् धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
bāhumarm
bāhum:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootbāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
kṣatriyamKṣatriya (warrior class)
kṣatriyam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatriya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
ūrujamthigh-born
ūrujam:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootūruja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); ūru-ja = ‘born from the thigh’ (used adjectivally)
vaiśyamVaiśya (merchant class)
vaiśyam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiśya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
āhuḥthey have said/call
āhuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√ah (अह् धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
teyour
te:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक सर्वनाम)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)
pādajamfoot-born
pādajam:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpādaja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); pāda-ja = ‘born from the foot’ (used adjectivally)
śūdramŚūdra (servant class)
śūdram:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootśūdra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

Unspecified in the isolated citation (the verse reports a traditional saying: 'they declare...')

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Sadyojāta

FAQs

The verse closely echoes the well-known Vedic motif (especially the Puruṣa-sūkta) that maps social orders onto a cosmic body—mouth, arms, thighs, and feet—thereby presenting society as an integrated organism. In Purāṇic contexts, this imagery is often used philosophically to emphasize functional interdependence and a shared sacred source, even while reflecting historical social classifications.