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Shloka 81

Niṣādasya Bhillasya Itihāsaḥ — Śivarātri-vrata-prabhāvaḥ

The Hunter’s Account and the Efficacy of the Śivarātri Observance

एते धन्या मृगाश्चैव ज्ञानहीनास्सुसंमताः । स्वीयेनैव शरीरेण परोपकरणे रताः

ete dhanyā mṛgāścaiva jñānahīnāssusaṃmatāḥ | svīyenaiva śarīreṇa paropakaraṇe ratāḥ

Blessed indeed are these deer—though devoid of doctrinal learning, they are truly admirable—for with their very bodies they remain devoted to serving the welfare of others.

एतेthese
एते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
धन्याःblessed/fortunate
धन्याः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootधन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying ‘मृगाः’)
मृगाःdeer/animals
मृगाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-बोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
ज्ञानहीनाःdevoid of knowledge
ज्ञानहीनाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञान-हीन (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्; समासः: ज्ञानस्य हीनः (lacking knowledge)
सु-संमताःhighly esteemed
सु-संमताः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-सम्-मत (प्रातिपदिक; उपसर्गयुक्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्; ‘well-approved/esteemed’
स्वीयेनwith their own
स्वीयेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying ‘शरीरेण’)
एवonly/indeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
शरीरेणby (their) body
शरीरेण:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
परोपकरणेin helping others
परोपकरणे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपर-उपकरण (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः: परस्य उपकारणम्/उपकरणम् (service/help to others)
रताःdevoted/engaged
रताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootरम् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘engaged/devoted’

Suta Goswami (narrating the Kotirudra Samhita account to the sages at Naimisharanya)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Sthala Purana: The narrative moralizes the event: even ‘jñāna-hīna’ beings become ‘dhanya’ through self-offering for others’ welfare—an implicit praise of bhakti/ācāra over mere doctrinal literacy.

Significance: Encourages pilgrims/devotees to value simple service and self-giving (paropakāra) as Śiva-pleasing conduct that attracts grace.

Role: nurturing

FAQs

It praises selfless benefit to others as a mark of true merit: even without formal jñāna, beings who naturally live for others accrue dharma—echoing a Shaiva Siddhanta emphasis that purity of conduct and devotion support liberation.

Lingārcana is not merely ritual; it is meant to mature the heart into compassion and service. This verse implies that pleasing Shiva (Saguna worship) is fulfilled when devotion expresses itself as paropakāra—benefiting beings in Shiva’s creation.

Adopt seva as a vrata alongside worship: perform japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and pair it with practical charity—feeding, protecting life, and helping pilgrims—so that mantra and conduct align.