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Shloka 3

Dāruvana-parīkṣā: Śaṅkara’s Test and the Linga’s Ritual-Theological Grounding

बाणरूपा श्रुता लोके पार्वती शिववल्लभा । एतत्किं कारणं सूत कथय त्वं यथाश्रुतम्

bāṇarūpā śrutā loke pārvatī śivavallabhā | etatkiṃ kāraṇaṃ sūta kathaya tvaṃ yathāśrutam

In the world it is heard that Goddess Pārvatī, beloved of Lord Śiva, assumed the form of an arrow. O Sūta, what is the reason for this? Tell it exactly as you have heard.

बाणरूपाhaving the form of an arrow
बाणरूपा:
Karta (कर्ता/सम्बन्धि-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootबाण + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: बाणस्य रूपम् → बाणरूपा)
श्रुताheard, renowned
श्रुता:
Karta (कर्ता/विधेय-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रु (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘heard/known’
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; अधिकरण (locative)
पार्वतीPārvatī
पार्वती:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपार्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
शिववल्लभाbeloved of Śiva
शिववल्लभा:
Karta (कर्ता/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशिव + वल्लभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: शिवस्य वल्लभा)
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘this’ (contextually object of inquiry)
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक
कारणम्reason, cause
कारणम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकारण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; हेतु/कारणार्थक
सूतO Sūta
सूत:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
कथयtell, narrate
कथय:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकथय् (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative/आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तम-पुरुष-सर्वनाम; प्रथमा, एकवचन
यथा-श्रुतम्as (it was) heard
यथा-श्रुतम्:
Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय) + श्रु (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्ययत्वेन प्रयोगः; अर्थः ‘as heard’

The sages at Naimisharanya (addressing Suta Goswami)

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Sthala Purana: Introduces the tradition that Pārvatī became ‘bāṇarūpā’ (arrow-formed), typically linked in Purāṇic narrative to a specific līlā explaining a bāṇa-liṅga or a weaponized/manifest form used in a divine episode; the verse itself is the inquiry, not the full origin.

Significance: Hearing the origin of the bāṇa-form deepens śraddhā in Śiva-Śakti līlā and in the sanctity of bāṇa-liṅgas used in worship.

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: teaching

P
Parvati
S
Shiva
S
Suta

FAQs

The verse highlights the inseparable unity of Śiva and Śakti: even unusual divine forms (like Pārvatī as an “arrow”) point to a purposeful līlā that guides devotees toward faith, surrender, and the grace that removes bondage (pāśa) under the Lord (Pati).

By calling Pārvatī ‘Śivavallabhā,’ the text frames the narrative within Saguna devotion—Śiva worship is complete when honored together with Śakti, which is central to Purāṇic Linga worship and Jyotirliṅga pilgrimage traditions described in the Koṭirudrasaṃhitā.

The practical takeaway is śravaṇa (devotional listening) and smaraṇa (remembrance): hear the sacred account ‘as received’ and pair it with japa of the Pañcākṣarī mantra “Om Namaḥ Śivāya” to cultivate steady bhakti.