Mantra 2
Sukta 9.61
Rishi: As part of RV 9 Soma Pavamāna cycle; specific ṛṣi attribution requires Anukramaṇī confirmation.
Devata: Soma Pavamāna (with Indraic victory-motif embedded in Soma’s action)
Chandas: Jagatī (to be verified metrically)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पुरः सद्य इत्थाधिये दिवोदासाय शम्बरम् । अध त्यं तुर्वशं यदुम् ॥
Samhita Patha (IAST)
पुर॑: स॒द्य इ॒त्थाधि॑ये॒ दिवो॑दासाय॒ शम्ब॑रम् । अध॒ त्यं तु॒र्वशं॒ यदु॑म् ॥
Transliteration
púraḥ sadyá ítthādhiye divodāsā́ya śámbaram | ádha tyáṃ turváśaṃ yáduṃ ||
Translation
At once he breaks open the obstructing strongholds for the right-minded Divodāsa—Shambara; and then he sets free that Turvaśa and Yadu (the powers held back), releasing the imprisoned movements of the being.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
पुरः॑ । स॒द्यः । इ॒थाऽधि॑ये । दिवः॑ऽदासाय । शम्ब॑रम् । अध॑ । त्यम् । तु॒र्वश॑म् । यदु॑म् ॥पुरः । सद्यः । इथाधिये । दिवःदासाय । शम्बरम् । अध । त्यम् । तुर्वशम् । यदुम् ॥puraḥ | sadyaḥ | ithādhiye | divaḥ-dāsāya | śambaram | adha | tyam | turvaśam | yadum
Word by Word
पुरःforth; in front
पुरः:
Adhikaraṇa (adverbial: place/direction)
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial use of nominal form)
Rootपुरस् (prātipadika) < PIE *per- ‘forward/front’
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
Adhikaraṇa (adverbial: time)
TypeIndeclinable (adverb)
Rootसद्यस् (prātipadika) ‘immediate(ly)’
इत्थाthus; in this way
इत्था:
Adhikaraṇa (adverbial: manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था (avyaya) ‘thus, in this manner’
धियेfor the inspired thought/prayer
धिये:
Sampradāna (purpose/recipient: ‘for/unto the prayer/insight’)
TypeNoun
Rootधी (f.) ‘thought, insight, prayer’
दिवोदासायfor Divodāsa
दिवोदासाय:
Sampradāna (beneficiary)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootदिवोदास (m., proper name) ‘Divodāsa’
शम्बरम्Śambara
शम्बरम्:
Karma (object)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootशम्बर (m., proper name) ‘Śambara’
अधthen; thereafter
अध:
(connective; no kāraka)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअध (avyaya) ‘then, thereafter, now’
त्यम्that (one)
त्यम्:
Karma (object; ‘that one’)
TypePronoun/Determiner
Rootतद् (pronoun) with enclitic/emphatic form त्य-
तुर्वशम्Turvaśa
तुर्वशम्:
Karma (object; apposition to त्यम्)
TypeNoun (proper/ethnonym)
Rootतुर्वश (m., tribal name) ‘Turvaśa’
यदुम्Yadu
यदुम्:
Karma (object; coordinated/appositional with तुर्वशम्)
TypeNoun (proper/ethnonym)
Rootयदु (m., tribal name) ‘Yadu’