Rig Veda 8.28.3: Mandala 8, Sukta 28, Mantra 3
Sukta 8.28
Devata: The previously invoked guardians (Ādityas with Agni-powers)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ते नो गोपा अपाच्यास्त उदक्त इत्था न्यक् । पुरस्तात्सर्वया विशा ॥
Transliteration
té no gopā́ apācyā́s ta udáktá itthā́ nyàk | purastā́t sárvayā viśā́ ||
Translation
May they be our guardians of the Rays—guarding us from the back and from every wrongward turning; from above and from below, and from the front with the whole totality of our being.
Word by Word
तेthey (those)
ते:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःfor us / to us
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
गोपाःcowherds, protectors (of cattle)
गोपाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootगोपा (प्रातिपदिक; गो + पा ‘रक्षक’)
अपाच्याःturned away / westward / away-going
अपाच्याः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootअपाच्य (प्रातिपदिक; अप + अञ्च्/अच् ‘to go/turn’ → ‘westward/away’)
अस्तwas / is
अस्त:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
उदक्तेin the water / in the waters
उदक्ते:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootउदक (प्रातिपदिक) + -त (सप्तमी एकवचनम्)
इत्थाthus, in this manner
इत्था:
(क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था (अव्यय)
न्यक्downwards, low, downward
न्यक्:
(क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन्यक् (अव्यय; नि + अञ्च् ‘down/away’)
पुरस्तात्in front, from the front / beforehand
पुरस्तात्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस् + तात् (अव्यय-निर्माण)
सर्वयाwith all, wholly
सर्वया:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective/Pronoun
Rootसर्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विशाwith the people / with the clan
विशा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootविश् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘people, clan’)
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