Mantra 21
Sukta 8.23
Rishi: Vaiyaśva (traditional attribution for RV 8.23 in several recensions/indices; verse itself alludes to 'vaiyaśva' in 8.23.24)
Devata: Agni (Fire; the divine Will and priest of the inner sacrifice)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; 8.23 is predominantly in shorter meters—exact scansion should be confirmed against a pada-metrical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यो अस्मै हव्यदातिभिराहुतिं मर्तोऽविधत् । भूरि पोषं स धत्ते वीरवद्यशः ॥
Samhita Patha (IAST)
यो अ॑स्मै ह॒व्यदा॑तिभि॒राहु॑तिं॒ मर्तोऽवि॑धत् । भूरि॒ पोषं॒ स ध॑त्ते वी॒रव॒द्यश॑: ॥
Transliteration
yó asmai havyádātibhir ā́hutiṃ márto’vídhat | bhū́ri póṣaṃ sá dhatte vīrávad yáśaḥ ||
Translation
Whoever among mortals offers to him the oblation with gifts fit for the offering, he gathers to himself abundant increase—an increase that becomes heroic power and luminous renown.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
यः । अ॒स्मै॒ । ह॒व्यदा॑तिऽभिः । आऽहु॑तिम् । मर्तः॑ । अवि॑धत् । भूरि॑ । पोष॑म् । सः । ध॒त्ते॒ । वी॒रऽव॑त् । यशः॑ ॥यः । अस्मै । हव्यदातिभिः । आहुतिम् । मर्तः । अविधत् । भूरि । पोषम् । सः । धत्ते । वीरवत् । यशः ॥yaḥ | asmai | havyadāti-bhiḥ | āhutim | martaḥ | avidhat | bhūri | poṣam | saḥ | dhatte | vīra-vat | yaśaḥ
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Kartā (सम्बन्ध-कर्ता; यः = ‘he who’)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मैto him
अस्मै:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हव्यदातिभिःwith acts of offering / with oblation-givings
हव्यदातिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootहव्यदाति- (प्रातिपदिक; हव्य ‘oblation’ + दाति ‘giving’)
आहुतिम्an oblation
आहुतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआहुति- (प्रातिपदिक; √हु ‘to offer/sacrifice’ + आ-)
मर्तःa mortal
मर्तः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त- (प्रातिपदिक)
अविधत्has arranged / has offered / has performed (for him)
अविधत्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√धा (धातु) with preverb अव-; (Vedic injunctive/aorist usage)
भूरिmuch, abundant
भूरि:
(विशेषणम्—पोषम्)
TypeAdjective (indeclinable in form)
Rootभूरि (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
पोषम्nourishment, prosperity
पोषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपोष- (प्रातिपदिक; √पुष् ‘to thrive, nourish’)
सःhe (that one)
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
धत्तेbestows / places
धत्ते:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√धा (धातु) (Vedic: also ‘to bestow/put’)
वीरवत्hero-rich, having heroes
वीरवत्:
(विशेषणम्—पोषम्/यशः)
TypeAdjective
Rootवीरवत् (प्रातिपदिक; वीर ‘hero’ + -वत् ‘possessing’)
यशःfame, glory
यशः:
Karma (धत्ते—what is bestowed)
TypeNoun
Rootयशस्- (प्रातिपदिक)