Mantra 19
Sukta 8.20
Rishi: Sobharī Kāṇva (traditional attribution for RV 8.20, Kāṇva lineage)
Devata: Marutāḥ (or a youthful leading power among them; ambiguous within isolated verse)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for RV 8.20; verse-length and cadence align with common Marut hymns)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यून ऊ षु नविष्ठया वृष्णः पावकाँ अभि सोभरे गिरा । गाय गा इव चर्कृषत् ॥
Samhita Patha (IAST)
यून॑ ऊ॒ षु नवि॑ष्ठया॒ वृष्ण॑: पाव॒काँ अ॒भि सो॑भरे गि॒रा । गाय॒ गा इ॑व॒ चर्कृ॑षत् ॥
Transliteration
yū́nā ū́ ṣú náviṣṭhayā vṛ́ṣṇaḥ pāvakā́m̐ abhí sóbhare girā́ | gā́ya gā́ iva cárkṛṣat ||
Translation
O youthful one, with the newest (most fresh) word of the strong, I bear the purifying flames/powers before you. Sing—like cows lowing—let the voice work and resound.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
यूनः॑ । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । सु । नवि॑ष्ठया । वृष्णः॑ । पा॒व॒कान् । अ॒भि । सो॒भ॒रे॒ । गि॒रा । गाय॑ । गाःऽइ॑व । चर्कृ॑षत् ॥यूनः । ऊँ इति । सु । नविष्ठया । वृष्णः । पावकान् । अभि । सोभरे । गिरा । गाय । गाःइव । चर्कृषत् ॥yūnaḥ | oṃ iti | su | naviṣṭhayā | vṛṣṇaḥ | pāvakān | abhi | sobhare | girā | gāya | gāḥ-iva | cakṛrṣat
Word by Word
यूनम्the young (one); youthful (Agni/Indra)
यूनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुवन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊindeed; just; also
ऊ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊ (निपात)
षुquickly; indeed
षु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootषु (निपात)
नविष्ठयाwith the newest/most fresh (hymn/utterance)
नविष्ठया:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootनविष्ठ- (नव + इष्ठ, अतिशयार्थक)
वृष्णःof the bull; of the mighty one
वृष्णः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootवृषन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
पावकान्the purifying/bright ones
पावकान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपावक- (पु/पू ‘शुद्धौ’ से; ‘शुद्ध करनेवाला/दीप्त’)
अभिtowards; unto
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सोभरेbear/bring (it) forth; offer
सोभरे:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√भृ (भरणे) + उपसर्ग सो-/सु- (वैदिक रूप)
गिराwith a song/hymn
गिरा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootगिर्- (प्रातिपदिक)
गायsing!
गाय:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√गै (गाने) / √गा (गाने) वैदिक
गाःcows
गाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike; as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (उपमा-अव्यय)
चर्कृषत्has driven/drawn; has urged on
चर्कृषत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√कृष् (कर्षणे/आकर्षणे; वैदिक ‘खींचना/हांकना’)