Rig Veda 8.2.20: Mandala 8, Sukta 2, Mantra 20
Sukta 8.2
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage)
Devata: Indra (address implied in sequence)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मो ष्वद्य दुर्हणावान्त्सायं करदारे अस्मत् । अश्रीर इव जामाता ॥
Transliteration
mó ṣv adyá duḥ-háṇāvān tsāyáṃ karad ā́re asmát | aśrīrá iva jāmātā́ ||
Translation
Let not the ill-bearing, hard-to-endure power today make us far off by evening—like a joyless son-in-law kept at a distance; rather, keep our communion near and fortunate.
Word by Word
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) / mā (prohibitive particle)
सुindeed, just, now
सु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/निपात) / su (particle)
अद्यtoday, now
अद्य:
Adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (प्रातिपदिक) / adya
दुर्हणावान्having ill intent / malicious
दुर्हणावान्:
Kartā (कर्ता) — (अन्तर्भूतः कर्ता/वर्ण्यः पुरुषः)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्हणा (प्रातिपदिक) + वत् (मतुप्/वतुप्)
सायम्in the evening
सायम्:
Adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसायम् (प्रातिपदिक) / sāyam
करत्may he do / let him make
करत्:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
अरेO! (hey!)
अरे:
Sampradāna/ संबोधन (address)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअरे (सम्बोधन-निपात) / are
अस्मत्from us
अस्मत्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अश्रीःa luckless/wretched one
अश्रीः:
Kartā (कर्ता) — उपमान/वर्ण्यः
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअश्री (प्रातिपदिक) < अ- + श्री
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात) / iva
जामाताson-in-law
जामाता:
Kartā (कर्ता) — उपमेयः/वर्ण्यः
TypeNoun
Rootजामातृ (प्रातिपदिक) / jāmātṛ
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