Mantra 15
Sukta 8.2
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मा न इन्द्र पीयत्नवे मा शर्धते परा दाः । शिक्षा शचीवः शचीभिः ॥
Samhita Patha (IAST)
मा न॑ इन्द्र पीय॒त्नवे॒ मा शर्ध॑ते॒ परा॑ दाः । शिक्षा॑ शचीव॒: शची॑भिः ॥
Transliteration
mā́ na indra pīyatnáve mā́ śárdhate párā dāḥ | śíkṣā śacī-vaḥ śácībhiḥ ||
Translation
O Indra, do not give us over to the one who would drain and diminish; do not hand us to the violent host. Teach us, O lord of effective power, by your powers of luminous skill.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
मा । नः॒ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । पी॒य॒त्नवे॑ । मा । शर्ध॑ते । परा॑ । दाः॒ । शिक्षा॑ । श॒ची॒ऽवः॒ । शची॑भिः ॥मा । नः । इन्द्र । पीयत्नवे । मा । शर्धते । परा । दाः । शिक्षा । शचीवः । शचीभिः ॥mā | naḥ | indra | pīyatnave | mā | śardhate | parā | dāḥ | śikṣā | śacī-vaḥ | śacībhi ḥ
Word by Word
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) / mā
नःto us / for us
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (pronoun stem)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
—
TypeNoun (proper) / Vocative address
Rootइन्द्र (prātipadika)
पीयत्नवेto the assailant / to one who would harm
पीयत्नवे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootपीयत्नु (prātipadika; ‘harm/attack, hostile intent’)
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) / mā
शर्धतेto the hostile one / to the attacker
शर्धते:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun/Adjective (agent noun used substantively)
Rootशर्ध् (धातु; ‘to be violent/hostile, assail’) → शर्धत् (present participial/agentive base)
पराaway
परा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरा (preverb/adverb)
दाःgive (us) over / hand (us) away
दाः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु; ‘to give’)
शिक्षाteach / instruct / guide
शिक्षा:
—
TypeVerb
Rootशिक्ष् (धातु; ‘to instruct, train, help/teach’)
शचीवःO skillful/powerful one
शचीवः:
—
TypeAdjective used as vocative (epithet)
Rootशचीवत् (adj. ‘possessing śacī—power/skill’; epithet of Indra)
शचीभिःwith (your) powers/skills
शचीभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootशची (f. ‘power, skill, might’)