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Mantra 1

Sukta 7.9

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (book 7 attribution)
Devata: Agni (closely linked with Uṣas imagery)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely; verify by scansion)

अबोधि जार उषसामुपस्थाद्धोता मन्द्रः कवितमः पावकः । दधाति केतुमुभयस्य जन्तोर्हव्या देवेषु द्रविणं सुकृत्सु ॥

अबो॑धि जा॒र उ॒षसा॑मु॒पस्था॒द्धोता॑ म॒न्द्रः क॒वित॑मः पाव॒कः । दधा॑ति के॒तुमु॒भय॑स्य ज॒न्तोर्ह॒व्या दे॒वेषु॒ द्रवि॑णं सु॒कृत्सु॑ ॥

abó̄dhi jārá uṣásām upásthād hótā mandráḥ kavítamaḥ pāvakáḥ | dádhāti ketúm ubháyasya jántor havyā́ devéṣu dráviṇaṃ sukṛ́tsu ||

He has awakened—the lover from the lap of the Dawns: the priest, the gladdening, the most seer-like, the purifying. He sets the sign and the discernment for the twofold being (inner and outer); he establishes the offerings among the gods and the wealth in the doers of the good.

अबो॑धि । जा॒रः । उ॒षसा॑म् । उ॒पऽस्था॑त् । होता॑ । म॒न्द्रः । क॒विऽत॑मः । पा॒व॒कः । दधा॑ति । के॒तुम् । उ॒भय॑स्य । ज॒न्तोः । ह॒व्या । दे॒वेषु॑ । द्रवि॑णम् सु॒कृत्ऽसु॑ ॥अबोधि । जारः । उषसाम् । उपस्थात् । होता । मन्द्रः । कवितमः । पावकः । दधाति । केतुम् । उभयस्य । जन्तोः । हव्या । देवेषु । द्रविणम् सुकृत्सु ॥abodhi | jāraḥ | uṣasām | upa-sthāt | hotā | mandraḥ | kavi-tamaḥ | pāvakaḥ | dadhāti | ketum | ubhayasya | jantoḥ | havyā | deveṣu | draviṇam sukṛt-su

अबोधिhas awakened / awoke
अबोधि:
TypeVerb
Root√बुध् (budh) ‘to awaken, perceive’
जारःthe lover (Agni)
जारः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootजार (prātipadika) ‘lover; (Agni as) intimate friend’
उषसाम्of the Dawns
उषसाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitival relation) / Adhikaraṇa (with upasthāt)
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (uṣás-) ‘Dawn’
उपस्थात्from/at the presence (lap)
उपस्थात्:
Apādāna (source/point of arising) / Adhikaraṇa (locative sense in usage)
TypeNoun (adverbial use)
Rootउपस्थ (upastha-) ‘lap, presence, vicinity’ + abl. ending
होताthe Hotṛ (invoking priest)
होता:
Kartā (apposition to jārāḥ) / Agent
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (hotṛ́-) ‘invoker, priest’
मन्द्रःgladdening, sweet-toned
मन्द्रः:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्द्र (mandrá-) ‘gladdening, pleasant-sounding’
कवितमःmost seer-like / best poet
कवितमः:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective (superlative)
Rootकवि (kaví-) ‘seer, poet’ + तमप् (superlative)
पावकःthe purifying one
पावकः:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootपावक (pāvaka-) ‘purifying, pure; fire’
दधातिsets/places
दधाति:
TypeVerb
Root√धा (dhā) ‘to place, set, establish’
केतुम्a light/sign (banner)
केतुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकेतु (ketú-) ‘banner; light; sign, brilliance’
उभयस्यof both
उभयस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
TypeAdjective (pronominal)
Rootउभय (ubháya-) ‘both’
जन्तोःof the creature / of the man
जन्तोः:
सम्बन्ध (dependent genitive with ketum: ‘sign of the being’)
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु (jántu-) ‘creature, living being; man’
हव्याoblations
हव्या:
Karma (of an implied ‘to convey/offer’ with Agni as hotṛ) / object-domain
TypeNoun
Rootहव्य (havyá-) ‘oblation, what is to be invoked/offered’
देवेषुamong/to the gods
देवेषु:
Sampradāna (recipient sphere) / Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (devá-) ‘god’
द्रविणम्wealth
द्रविणम्:
Karma (what is won/brought)
TypeNoun
Rootद्रविण (draviṇa-) ‘wealth, treasure’
सुकृत्सुamong the well-doers (pious)
सुकृत्सु:
Adhikaraṇa (location/among)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसुकृत् (sukṛ́t-) ‘pious/meritorious one; doer of good’