Rig Veda 7.44.4: Mandala 7, Sukta 44, Mantra 4

Sukta 7.44

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (probable)

Devata: Dadhikrāvan (with associated light-law collectives: Uṣas, Sūrya, Ādityas, Vasus, Aṅgirasas)

Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

दधिक्रावा प्रथमो वाज्यर्वाग्रे रथानां भवति प्रजानन् । संविदान उषसा सूर्येणादित्येभिर्वसुभिरङ्गिरोभिः ॥

Transliteration

dadhikrā́vā prathamó vājī́ arvā́gre rathā́nāṁ bhávati prajā́nann | saṁvidāná uṣásā sū́ryeṇādityébhiḥ vásubhir áṅgirobhiḥ ||

Translation

Dadhikrāvan, the first, the charger, becomes foremost among the chariots, knowing the way. He is in accord with Dawn and with the Sun, with the Ādityas, the Vasus, and the Angirasas—powers of ordered light that lead the advance.

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Word by Word

• दधिक्रावाः: Dadhikrāvan (a divine steed/deity)
• दधिक्रावाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: दधिक्रावन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रथमः: first
• प्रथमः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाजी: prize-winning; swift (steed)
• वाजी: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वाजिन्/वाजी (प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्वाक्: towards (us), hither
• अर्वाक्: अधिकरण (दिशा/गति-निर्देशः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अर्वाक् (अव्यय/दिक्शब्द)

• अग्रे: in front; at the head
• अग्रे: अधिकरण
• Type: Indeclinable (locative used adverbially)
• Root: अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• रथानाम्: of the chariots
• रथानाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• भवति: becomes; is
• भवति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू

• प्रजानन्: knowing; discerning
• प्रजानन्: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle (present active)
• Root: प्र-ज्ञा (धातु) → जानत् (वर्तमानकृदन्त)

• संविदानः: in accord; finding/knowing together; harmonizing
• संविदानः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle/Adjective
• Root: सम्-विद् (धातु) → विदान (कृदन्त/विशेषण)

• उषसा: with Dawn (Uṣas)
• उषसा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सूर्येण: with the Sun
• सूर्येण: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• आदित्येभिः: with the Ādityas
• आदित्येभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• वसुभिः: with the Vasus
• वसुभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अङ्गिरोभिः: with the Aṅgirases (Angiras seers)
• अङ्गिरोभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्गिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)