Rig Veda 7.40.5: Mandala 7, Sukta 40, Mantra 5

Sukta 7.40

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Composite: Vishnu, Rudra, and the Aśvins (with Vishnu foregrounded in the offering-movement)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अस्य देवस्य मीळ्हुषो वया विष्णोरेषस्य प्रभृथे हविर्भिः । विदे हि रुद्रो रुद्रियं महित्वं यासिष्टं वर्तिरश्विनाविरावत् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.40.5

Transliteration

asyá devásya mīḷhúṣo vayā́ víṣṇor eṣásya prabhṛthé havírbhiḥ | vidé hí rudró rudriyáṃ mahitváṃ yāsiṣṭáṃ vártír aśvināv írāvat ||

Translation

With offerings we bring forward the vital powers for this gracious god—Vishnu in his forward-striding; for Rudra indeed knows the Rudrian greatness. May the Aśvins come by the best path of movement, rich in plenitude and right nourishment.

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Word by Word

• अस्य: of this
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवस्य: of the god
• देवस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• मीळ्हुषः: of the bountiful one
• मीळ्हुषः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: मीळ्हु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दाता/वर्षक’)

• वयाः: vital powers / strengths
• वयाः: कर्म (object of implied offering/praise)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वयस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• विष्णोः: of Viṣṇu
• विष्णोः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)

• एषस्य: of this (one)
• एषस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: एष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘this one/this’)

• प्रभृथे: in the offering / at the distribution
• प्रभृथे: अधिकरण (locative: in/at)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-भृथि/प्रभृथ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘offering, distribution, bestowal’)

• हविर्भिः: with oblations
• हविर्भिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• विदे: I know / I recognize
• विदे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु; ‘to know, to find’)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• रुद्रः: Rudra
• रुद्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• रुद्रियम्: Rudra’s / Rudrian
• रुद्रियम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रुद्रिय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘belonging to Rudra, Rudra-like’)

• महित्वम्: greatness, majesty
• महित्वम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: महित्व (प्रातिपदिक; from महत्)

• यासिष्टम्: may you two go / come
• यासिष्टम्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु; ‘to go’)

• वर्तिः: the path, course
• वर्तिः: कर्तृ/विधेय (as ‘the path (is)…’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘path, course, track’)

• अश्विनौ: O Aśvins (you two)
• अश्विनौ: कर्तृ (addressed/subject)
• Type: Noun (dual deity)
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• इरा-वत्: rich in refreshment/prosperity
• इरा-वत्: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इरा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘refreshment, food, prosperity’) + वत् (तद्धित)