Rig Veda 7.4.9: Mandala 7, Sukta 4, Mantra 9

Sukta 7.4

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

त्वमग्ने वनुष्यतो नि पाहि त्वमु नः सहसावन्नवद्यात् । सं त्वा ध्वस्मन्वदभ्येतु पाथः सं रयिः स्पृहयाय्यः सहस्री ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.4.9

Transliteration

tvám agne vanuṣyató ní pāhi tvám u naḥ sahasāvan avadyā́t | sáṃ tvā dhvasmán-vad abhy ètu pā́thaḥ sáṃ rayíḥ spṛhayā́yyaḥ sahasrī́ ||

Translation

You, Agni, protect the one who strives to serve; you, O mighty one, guard us from fault. Let the path come to you with firm intensity; let the desirable plenitude of being, thousandfold, gather to us in your flame.

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Word by Word

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• वनुष्यतः: of the worshipper/one who seeks (you)
• वनुष्यतः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Adjective/Participle (used substantively)
• Root: वनुष्यत् (प्रातिपदिक; √वनुष् ‘to desire/seek, to worship’ से वर्तमान-कृदन्त/विशेषण)

• नि: down, in; (as preverb)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• पाहि: protect!
• पाहि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पा (पाने/रक्षणे) ‘to protect’

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• उ: indeed, surely
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात)

• नः: for us / of us
• नः: सम्प्रदान (अर्थे ‘for us’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• सहसावन्: O mighty one
• सहसावन्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective (vocative)
• Root: सहसावन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having might/strength’, सहस् + वन्)

• अवद्यात्: from fault/blame (from what is blameworthy)
• अवद्यात्: अपादान
• Type: Noun/Adjective (ablative)
• Root: अवद्य (प्रातिपदिक; a-vadya ‘blameless’/‘faultless’; or ‘from दोष/निन्द्य’ with privative a-)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• त्वा: you (as object)
• त्वा: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• ध्वस्मन्: the assault/hostile onrush
• ध्वस्मन्: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: ध्वस्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘assault/attack, hostile onrush’—वेदिक)

• वत्: like, as
• वत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वत् (तद्धित/अव्यय; ‘like, as’)

• अभि: towards, against
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• एतु: let it go/come
• एतु: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इ (गत्यर्थ) ‘to go’

• पाथः: the path/course
• पाथः: कर्तृ (एतु इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाथस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘path, course, way’)

• सम्: together, wholly
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्

• रयिः: wealth, bounty
• रयिः: कर्तृ (अध्याहृत-क्रियायाः/आशीः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रयि (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्पृहयाय्यः: much-desired, coveted
• स्पृहयाय्यः: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्पृहयाय्य (प्रातिपदिक; desiderable/longed-for; √स्पृह् ‘to desire’ से)

• सहस्री: thousandfold, in thousands
• सहस्री: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहस्रिन्/सहस्री (प्रातिपदिक; ‘thousandfold/with thousands’—वेदिक रूप)