Rig Veda 7.4.6: Mandala 7, Sukta 4, Mantra 6

Sukta 7.4

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ईशे ह्यग्निरमृतस्य भूरेरीशे रायः सुवीर्यस्य दातोः । मा त्वा वयं सहसावन्नवीरा माप्सवः परि षदाम मादुवः ॥

Transliteration

ī́śe hy agnír amṛ́tasya bhū́rer ī́śe rāyáḥ su-vī́ryasya dā́toḥ | mā tvā vayaṃ sahasāvan avī́rā mā́psavaḥ pári sadāma mā́duvaḥ ||

Translation

For Agni is master of abundant immortality; he is master of the giver of wealth and plenitude of heroic force. O lord of power, let us not approach you without the inner heroes; let us not sit around you as the powerless or the misled.

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Word by Word

• ईशे: rules, is lord of
• ईशे: (kriyā) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश् (dhātu) / ईशे (tiṅanta from √ईश्)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (prātipadika)

• अमृतस्य: of immortality / of the immortal (nectar)
• अमृतस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमृत (prātipadika)

• भूरेः: of abundance, of much (wealth)
• भूरेः: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: भूरि (prātipadika)

• ईशे: rules, is lord of
• ईशे: (kriyā) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश् (dhātu)

• रायः: of wealth
• रायः: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/राय (prātipadika: रयि/राय ‘wealth’)

• सुवीर्यस्य: of good heroism / excellent manly power
• सुवीर्यस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-वीर्य (prātipadika)

• दातोः: of the giver
• दातोः: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दातृ (prātipadika; agent noun from √दा ‘to give’)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (pronoun)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun)

• सहसावन्: O mighty one
• सहसावन्: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: सहसावन् (prātipadika; possessive adj. from सहस् ‘might’)

• अवीराः: unheroic, without heroes/men
• अवीराः: Kartṛ-sāmānādhikaraṇya (predicate of ‘we’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-वीर (prātipadika)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• अप्सवः: in the waters
• अप्सवः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्सु (locative plural of अप् ‘waters’) → apsu; with -वः as Vedic enclitic/metrical extension in pada-text tradition

• परि: around, about
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि

• षदाम: (let us) sit, settle
• षदाम: (kriyā) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सद् (dhātu)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• अदुवः: ungiving, withholding (of offerings)
• अदुवः: Kartṛ-sāmānādhikaraṇya (predicate of ‘we’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-दु (prātipadika; Vedic adj. ‘not giving/withholding’, from √दा/दु- semantic field)