HomeRig VedaMandala 5Sukta 79Mantra 9
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Mantra 9

Sukta 5.79

Rishi: Syāvāśva Ātreya (traditional)
Devata: Uṣas (with Sūrya as enforcing power)
Chandas: Jagatī (traditional; verify)

व्युच्छा दुहितर्दिवो मा चिरं तनुथा अपः । नेत्त्वा स्तेनं यथा रिपुं तपाति सूरो अर्चिषा सुजाते अश्वसूनृते ॥

व्यु॑च्छा दुहितर्दिवो॒ मा चि॒रं त॑नुथा॒ अप॑: । नेत्त्वा॑ स्ते॒नं यथा॑ रि॒पुं तपा॑ति॒ सूरो॑ अ॒र्चिषा॒ सुजा॑ते॒ अश्व॑सूनृते ॥

vyùcchā duhitar divo mā́ ciráṃ tanuthā́ ápaḥ | nét tvā stenáṃ yáthā ripúṃ tápāti sū́ro arcíṣā sujāte aśvasūnṛte ||

Shine forth, O Daughter of Heaven; do not long extend the waters of delay. Let not the Sun scorch you with his flame as he burns a thief, an enemy—O well-born, bringing swift force and the glad word.

वि । उ॒च्छ॒ । दु॒हि॒तः॒ । दि॒वः॒ । मा । चि॒रम् । त॒नु॒थाः॒ । अपः॑ । न । इत् । त्वा॒ । स्ते॒नम् । यथा॑ । रि॒पुम् । तपा॑ति । सूरः॑ । अ॒र्चिषा॑ । सुऽजा॑ते । अश्व॑ऽसूनृते ॥वि । उच्छ । दुहितः । दिवः । मा । चिरम् । तनुथाः । अपः । न । इत् । त्वा । स्तेनम् । यथा । रिपुम् । तपाति । सूरः । अर्चिषा । सुजाते । अश्वसूनृते ॥vi | uccha | duhitaḥ | divaḥ | mā | ciram | tanuthāḥ | apaḥ | na | it | tvā | stenam | yathā | ripum | tapāti | sūraḥ | arciṣā | su-jāte | aśva-sūnṛte

व्युच्छाDawn forth; shine out
व्युच्छा:
(predicate; addressed to the deity)
TypeVerb
Rootव्य्-उष् (उष् ‘उष्णाति/उषति’ → ‘उषस्’/‘उषा’ ‘to dawn, shine’) + वि- (upasarga)
दुहितःO daughter
दुहितः:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeNoun
Rootदुहितृ (prātipadika)
दिवःof heaven
दिवः:
Śeṣa (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (prātipadika ‘heaven, sky’)
माdo not
मा:
(negation of the action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (prohibitive particle)
चिरम्for long; long (time)
चिरम्:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (time-extent)
TypeAdverb (from adjective)
Rootचिर (prātipadika)
तनुथाःstretch out; prolong
तनुथाः:
(predicate; addressed to Uṣas)
TypeVerb
Rootतन् (धातु ‘to stretch, extend’)
अपःthe waters
अपः:
Karma (object)
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (prātipadika ‘water’)
lest; not
:
(negation of clause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (particle)
इत्indeed; just
इत्:
(emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (enclitic particle)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
Karma (object)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (pronoun)
स्तेनम्a thief
स्तेनम्:
Karma (object/complement in comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootस्तेन (prātipadika)
यथाas; like
यथा:
(upamā/relative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (relative adverb)
रिपुम्an enemy
रिपुम्:
Karma (object)
TypeNoun
Rootरिपु (prātipadika)
तपातिburns; scorches
तपाति:
(predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootतप् (धातु ‘to heat, burn’)
सूरःthe sun
सूरः:
Kartā (agent)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर (prātipadika ‘sun’)
अर्चिषाwith (his) flame/ray
अर्चिषा:
Karaṇa (instrument/means)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्चिस् (prātipadika ‘flame, ray’)
सुजातेO well-born one
सुजाते:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeAdjective (used as vocative)
Rootसु-जात (kṛdanta/prātipadika; ‘well-born’)
अश्वसूनृतेO Ashva-sūnṛtā (epithet of Uṣas; ‘having good truth/utterance with horses’ / traditional name)
अश्वसूनृते:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet, vocative)
Rootअश्व-सूनृत (compound prātipadika; epithet)