Rig Veda 5.40.2: Mandala 5, Sukta 40, Mantra 2
Sukta 5.40
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gayatri (probable; refrain repetition suggests a short meter)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वृषा ग्रावा वृषा मदो वृषा सोमो अयं सुतः । वृषन्निन्द्र वृषभिर्वृत्रहन्तम ॥
Transliteration
vṛ́ṣā grā́vā vṛ́ṣā mádo vṛ́ṣā sómo ayáṃ sutáḥ | vṛ́ṣann índra vṛ́ṣabhir vṛtrahantama ||
Translation
Bull is the pressing-stone, bull is the ecstasy, bull is this Soma pressed; therefore, O Indra the Bull, come with thy bull-powers—most mighty Vṛtra-slayer—so that the energizing delight may conquer in us.
Word by Word
वृषाbull-like, mighty
वृषा:
Kartā (विशेष्य-सम्बन्ध: ग्रावा) / विधेय-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष् ‘वर्षणे/वृषत्वे’ (बलवर्षण/वीर्य) से
ग्रावाthe pressing-stone
ग्रावा:
Kartā (अस्ति-लुप्त वाक्य में) / विषय
TypeNoun
Rootग्रावन् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘सोमपेषण-शिला’
वृषाmighty
वृषा:
Kartā (विशेष्य-सम्बन्ध: मदः) / विधेय-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष्
मदःintoxication, exhilaration
मदः:
Kartā (अस्ति-लुप्त) / विषय
TypeNoun
Rootमद (प्रातिपदिक) < √मद् ‘हर्ष/मत्तता’
वृषाmighty
वृषा:
Kartā (विशेष्य-सम्बन्ध: सोमः) / विधेय-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष्
सोमःSoma (the pressed sacred drink)
सोमः:
Kartā (अस्ति-लुप्त) / विषय
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक) < √सु ‘अभिषवे/प्रसवे’ (रस-निष्पादन) से
अयम्this
अयम्:
Kartā/विषय (सोमः का निर्देश) सह-सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुतःpressed, expressed
सुतः:
कर्म-विशेषण (सोमः) / परिणाम-स्थिति
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Rootसु (धातु) → क्त (PPP) ‘सुत’
वृषन्O bull (mighty one)
वृषन्:
सम्बोधन (इन्द्र का आह्वान)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष्
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
वृषभिःwith bulls; with mighty ones/forces
वृषभिः:
Karaṇa (साधन/सहाय: ‘bulls’ = शक्तिशाली सहाय/बल)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष्
वृत्रहन्तम्the Vṛtra-slayer
वृत्रहन्तम्:
Karma (स्तुत्य/आह्वेय-रूपेण: ‘him, the Vṛtra-slayer’)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र + हन् < √हन् ‘वध’)
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