HomeRig VedaMandala 5Sukta 22Mantra 2
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Mantra 2

Sukta 5.22

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)
Devata: Agni (Jātavedas)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify in critical edition)

न्यग्निं जातवेदसं दधाता देवमृत्विजम् । प्र यज्ञ एत्वानुषगद्या देवव्यचस्तमः ॥

न्य१॒॑ग्निं जा॒तवे॑दसं॒ दधा॑ता दे॒वमृ॒त्विज॑म् । प्र य॒ज्ञ ए॑त्वानु॒षग॒द्या दे॒वव्य॑चस्तमः ॥

ny àgníṁ jātávedasaṁ dádhātā devám ṛtvíjam | prá yajñá étv ānuṣág adyā́ devávyacastamaḥ ||

Set down Agni, Jātavedas, the Divine priest of the seasons. Let the sacrifice move forward in due succession today—he who is most widely spreading among the gods (in his reach), let him lead the way.

नि । अ॒ग्निम् । जा॒तऽवे॑दसम् । दधा॑त । दे॒वम् । ऋ॒त्विज॑म् । प्र । य॒ज्ञः । ए॒तु॒ । आ॒नु॒षक् । अ॒द्य । दे॒वव्य॑चःऽतमः ॥नि । अग्निम् । जातवेदसम् । दधात । देवम् । ऋत्विजम् । प्र । यज्ञः । एतु । आनुषक् । अद्य । देवव्यचःतमः ॥ni | agnim | jāta-vedasam | dadhāta | devam | ṛtvijam | pra | yajñaḥ | etu | ānuṣak | adya | devavyacaḥ-tamaḥ

निdown; in; towards
नि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (upasarga) / nī (PIE *nei- ‘down, in’)
अग्निम्Agni; the fire-god
अग्निम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (prātipadika; PIE *h₁n̥gʷnis ‘fire’)
जातवेदसम्Jātavedas (‘he who knows all births/creatures’), Agni
जातवेदसम्:
Karma (apposition to अग्निम्)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootजातवेदस् (prātipadika; kṛdanta compound: जात ‘born’ < √जन् + वेदस् ‘knowledge’ < √विद्)
दधातlet (him) place; let (him) establish
दधात:
TypeVerb
Root√धा (धारणे/स्थापने) with reduplication (दधा-)
देवम्the god; divine
देवम्:
Karma (apposition to अग्निम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootदेव (prātipadika) < √दिव् (‘shine’)
ऋत्विजम्the officiating priest
ऋत्विजम्:
Karma (apposition to अग्निम्)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत्विज् (prātipadika; ऋतु ‘season/rite-time’ + √यज् ‘to sacrifice’ → ‘one who sacrifices at the proper time’)
प्रforth; forward
प्र:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga/avyaya)
यज्ञःthe sacrifice; the rite
यज्ञः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (prātipadika) < √यज् (‘to worship/sacrifice’)
एतुlet (it) go/come; let (it) proceed
एतु:
TypeVerb
Root√इ (गत्यर्थे)
to; hither; near
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (upasarga/avyaya)
अनुषक्in due order; successively; continuously
अनुषक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनुषक् (avyaya; from anu- ‘after’ + शक्/शच्-formation ‘in sequence/continuously’)
अद्यtoday; now
अद्य:
Adhikaraṇa (time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (avyaya)
देवव्यचस्तमःmost divinely radiant; most wide-shining
देवव्यचस्तमः:
Kartā (agreeing with यज्ञः) / or epithet of the subject in the 2nd hemistich
TypeAdjective (superlative epithet)
Rootदेवव्यचस्-तम (prātipadika; compound: देव ‘divine’ + व्यचस् ‘wide-shining/spreading radiance’ < √व्यच्/√वच्? (Vedic vyacas ‘wide, expansive, radiant’) + superlative -तम)