Rig Veda 4.48.2 — Mandala 4, Sukta 48, Mantra 2

Sukta 4.48

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)

Devata: Vāyu (with Indra as guiding power)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (probable; requires confirmation)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

निर्युवाणो अशस्तीर्नियुत्वाँ इन्द्रसारथिः । वायवा चन्द्रेण रथेन याहि सुतस्य पीतये ॥

Transliteration

nír-yuvāṇó áśastīr niyútvāṃ índra-sārathiḥ | vāyavā candréṇa ráthena yā́hi sutásya pītáye ||

Translation

Casting out the falsehoods, yoked with ordered energies, with Indra as charioteer—O Vāyu, come with your shining chariot to the drinking of the pressed Soma.

Word by Word

• निर्: out, forth (as a preverb)
• निर्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निस् (उपसर्ग) → निः/निर्

• युवाणः: young, youthful
• युवाणः: Kartā (इन्द्रसारथिः का विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युवन् (प्रातिपदिक) / यु (युज्) से व्युत्पन्न ‘युवा’

• अशस्तीः: (un)praised ones; lack of praises / non-hymns
• अशस्तीः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ-शस्ति (प्रातिपदिक) < शंस्/शस् ‘to praise’ → शस्ति ‘praise’

• नियुत्वान्: having a yoked team; with paired steeds
• नियुत्वान्: Kartā (इन्द्रसारथिः का विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नियुत्वन्त् (प्रातिपदिक) < नियुत् ‘yoked team, pair (of horses)’

• इन्द्रसारथिः: Indra’s charioteer (i.e., Vāyu)
• इन्द्रसारथिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र-सारथि (समास; सारथि < √सृ/सर् ‘to go’ → ‘driver’)

• वायवा: O Vāyu
• वायवा: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चन्द्रेण: with the shining/bright (one)
• चन्द्रेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• रथेन: with the chariot
• रथेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• याहि: come/go
• याहि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (to go)

• सुतस्य: of the pressed Soma
• सुतस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (ppp/kṛdanta from √सु ‘to press (Soma)’)

• पीतये: for drinking
• पीतये: Sampradāna (purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पीति (प्रातिपदिक) < √पा ‘to drink’