Rig Veda 4.48.1 — Mandala 4, Sukta 48, Mantra 1
Sukta 4.48
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional for RV 4.48)
Devata: Vāyu
Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (probable; refrain-like structure suggests fixed meter—requires confirmation)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
विहि होत्रा अवीता विपो न रायो अर्यः । वायवा चन्द्रेण रथेन याहि सुतस्य पीतये ॥
Transliteration
víhi hótrā avī́tā vípo ná rā́yo aryáḥ | vāyavā candréṇa ráthena yā́hi sutásya pītáye ||
Translation
Arrange the two offerings, O helper—like a sage for the noble plenitudes. O Vāyu, come with your shining chariot to the drinking of the pressed Soma.
Word by Word
विapart, forth (preverb)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (upasarga)
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (nipāta)
होत्राthe offering/oblation; the priestly offering (hotrā)
होत्रा:
Karma (object of ‘set forth/arrange’ implied with वि + √धा/√कृ sense)
TypeNoun
Rootहोत्रा (प्रातिपदिक; from √हु ‘to pour/offer’ → hotṛ/ho-tra-)
अवीताhelper, protector
अवीता:
Kartā (vocative-like nominative addressing the deity)
TypeAdjective
Rootअवीत (ppp of √अव्/√अव् ‘to help, favor, protect’)
विपःinspired poets/seers
विपः:
Kartā (subject of an implied action: ‘the inspired ones…’)
TypeNoun
Rootविप्/विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (particle of comparison)
रायःof wealth, of riches
रायः:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootरायि/राय (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्यःthe noble one; patron/lord
अर्यः:
Kartā (apposition to ‘अवीता’ as the addressed one)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
वायवाO two Vāyus (Vāyu with Indra as a pair / dual address)
वायवा:
Sambodhana (addressed)
TypeNoun
Rootवायु (प्रातिपदिक)
चन्द्रेणwith the shining (one), bright
चन्द्रेण:
Karaṇa (instrument/means, with ratha-)
TypeAdjective
Rootचन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
रथेनwith a chariot
रथेन:
Karaṇa (means of coming)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
याहिcome!
याहि:
—
TypeVerb
Root√या (to go, come)
सुतस्यof the pressed (soma)
सुतस्य:
Sambandha (genitive: of the pressed soma)
TypeNoun
Rootसुत (ppp of √सु ‘to press (soma)’)
पीतयेfor drinking
पीतये:
Sampradāna / Prayojana (purpose: ‘for drinking’)
TypeNoun
Rootपीति (action noun from √पा ‘to drink’)
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