Rig Veda 4.4.8: Mandala 4, Sukta 4, Mantra 8

Sukta 4.4

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अर्चामि ते सुमतिं घोष्यर्वाक्सं ते वावाता जरतामियं गीः । स्वश्वास्त्वा सुरथा मर्जयेमास्मे क्षत्राणि धारयेरनु द्यून् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.4.8

Transliteration

arcā́mi te sumatíṃ ghóṣy arvā́k sáṃ te vāvā́tā jaratām iyáṃ gī́ḥ | sváśvā́s tvā suráthā marjayemā́sme kṣatrā́ṇi dhārayér ánu dyū́n ||

Translation

I sing your right guidance aloud and near; this song, growing old, keeps sounding for you. May we polish you as having good steeds and a good chariot; and may you hold for us the powers of mastery through the days.

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Word by Word

• अर्चामि: I praise / I worship
• अर्चामि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अर्च् (अर्चति)

• ते: of you / your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)

• सुमतिम्: good thought; favor; benevolence
• सुमतिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमति- (सु + मति)

• घोष्य: to be proclaimed / resounding
• घोष्य: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोष्य- (√घुष्/घोष् + य, कृत्-प्रत्ययः; ‘to be sounded/proclaimed’)

• अर्वाक्: hither, towards us
• अर्वाक्: अधिकारण/दिशा-निर्देश
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अर्वाक् (अव्यय/दिक्शब्दः)

• सम्: together; completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• ते: for you / to you
• ते: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)

• वावाता: O strongly-blowing one (epithet)
• वावाता: सम्बोधन/विशेष्य (addressed deity)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वावात- (intensive/reduplicated from √वा ‘to blow’)

• जरतामि: I chant / I celebrate
• जरतामि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जर्/√जॄ (जरति/जरयति ‘to sing/recite; to make old’—Vedic: ‘to chant, celebrate’)

• इयम्: this
• इयम्: कर्तृ (of implied ‘is/comes’ with गीः) / deictic
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्

• गीः: song; hymn; chant
• गीः: कर्तृ/विषय
• Type: Noun
• Root: गी- (from √गै ‘to sing’)

• स्वश्वाः: having good horses
• स्वश्वाः: कर्तृ (with मर्जयेम)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वश्व- (सु + अश्व)

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (युष्मद्)

• सुरथाः: having good chariots
• सुरथाः: कर्तृ (with मर्जयेम)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुरथ- (सु + रथ)

• मर्जयेम: may we cleanse / purify / adorn
• मर्जयेम: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मृज् (मार्जति)

• अस्मे: for us
• अस्मे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• क्षत्राणि: powers; dominions; sovereignties
• क्षत्राणि: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्र-

• धारयेः: may you hold / sustain
• धारयेः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धृ (धारयति)

• अनु: along; following; through
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• द्यून्: days
• द्यून्: अधिकारण/काल-परिमाण (acc. of extent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यु-