Rig Veda 4.22.2: Mandala 4, Sukta 22, Mantra 2

Sukta 4.22

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वृषा वृषन्धिं चतुरश्रिमस्यन्नुग्रो बाहुभ्यां नृतमः शचीवान् । श्रिये परुष्णीमुषमाण ऊर्णां यस्याः पर्वाणि सख्याय विव्ये ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.22.2

Transliteration

vṛ́ṣā vṛ́ṣandhiṃ cátur-aśrim ásyann ugró bāhúbhyāṃ nṛ́-tamaḥ śacī́vān | śríye púruṣṇīm uṣámāṇa ūrṇā́ṃ yásyāḥ párvāṇi sakhyā́ya vivyé ||

Translation

The Bull, hurling the four-edged, strong-jointed (weapon), the fierce one, most manful, full of power with his arms—he, for splendour, wraps the many-streaming (river) like wool; her joints he has woven for friendship.

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Word by Word

• वृषा: the bull; the mighty one
• वृषा: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक) / वृष (बलवर्षणयोः)

• वृषन्धिम्: the bull-joined/strong-jointed (one)
• वृषन्धिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन्धि (प्रातिपदिक; वृषन् + धि/धि- ‘धारण/बंध’)

• चतुरश्रिम्: four-cornered; four-edged
• चतुरश्रिम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुरश्रि (प्रातिपदिक; चतुर् + अश्रि ‘कोण/अश्रि’)

• अस्यन्: he hurls; he casts
• अस्यन्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (क्षेपणे) / अस् (प्रक्षेपणे) धातु

• उग्रः: fierce; mighty
• उग्रः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• बाहुभ्याम्: with (his) two arms
• बाहुभ्याम्: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)

• नृतमः: best of men; most manly
• नृतमः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नृतम (प्रातिपदिक; नृ + तमप् ‘श्रेष्ठ’)

• शचीवान्: possessing power/skill (epithet of Indra)
• शचीवान्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शचीवत् (प्रातिपदिक; शची ‘शक्ति/कौशल’ + वत्)

• श्रिये: for splendor; for prosperity
• श्रिये: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक)

• परुष्णीम्: the rib/side-piece (of the body/frame)
• परुष्णीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: परुष्णी (प्रातिपदिक; ‘पार्श्व/पसलि/रिब’)

• उषमाणः: heating; warming; glowing
• उषमाणः: Kartā
• Type: Verb (Participle)
• Root: उष् (दाहे/उष्णीकरणे) धातु; उषमाण (शानच्)

• ऊर्णाम्: wool; fleece
• ऊर्णाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊर्णा (प्रातिपदिक)

• यस्याः: of which/whose
• यस्याः: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पर्वाणि: joints; segments
• पर्वाणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सख्याय: for friendship; for alliance
• सख्याय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: सख्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• विव्ये: he has woven; he has interlaced
• विव्ये: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: वी (वेवये/वयने ‘to weave, to plait’) धातु