Rig Veda 3.39.8: Mandala 3, Sukta 39, Mantra 8

Sukta 3.39

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for RV 3)

Devata: Vasus (with Indra still in hymn-context; this verse explicitly names Vasus)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ज्योतिर्यज्ञाय रोदसी अनु ष्यादारे स्याम दुरितस्य भूरेः । भूरि चिद्धि तुजतो मर्त्यस्य सुपारासो वसवो बर्हणावत् ॥

Transliteration

jyótir yajñā́ya ródasī́ ánu ṣyād ā́re syāma duritásya bhū́reḥ | bhū́ri cid dhí tujátó mártyasya su-pārā́so vasavo barháṇāvat ||

Translation

May Light follow the sacrifice, and Heaven-and-Earth attend it; may we be far from the abundant distress. For many indeed are the pressures upon the mortal who is assailed; but you, O Vasus, are good-crossers, bearing the power to lift and widen.

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Word by Word

• ज्योतिः: light, radiance
• ज्योतिः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञाय: for the sacrifice
• यज्ञाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• रोदसी: the two worlds (Heaven and Earth)
• रोदसी: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोदसी (प्रातिपदिक; द्विवचन-प्रयोगः)

• अनु: along, following, in accordance
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु

• स्य: indeed, just (enclitic particle)
• स्य: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्य (एन्क्लिटिक/निपात; वैदिक)

• आदारे: in/at the support, in the foundation
• आदारे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: आ-दार (धातु) / आदार (कृदन्त-आधार)

• स्याम: may I be
• स्याम: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• दुरितस्य: of distress/sin, of misfortune
• दुरितस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुरित (प्रातिपदिक)

• भूरेः: of much, of abundant (evil)
• भूरेः: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भूरि (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक-रूप ‘भूरेः’)

• भूरि: much, abundant
• भूरि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भूरि (प्रातिपदिक)

• चित्: even, indeed
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• तुजतः: of the assailing/pressing (one)
• तुजतः: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुज् (धातु) → तुजत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)

• मर्त्यस्य: of the mortal
• मर्त्यस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुपारासः: having good crossings; good deliverers
• सुपारासः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-पार (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष)

• वसवः: the Vasus (a class of gods)
• वसवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)

• बर्हणावत्: with uplift/strength; powerfully
• बर्हणावत्: —
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बर्हणावत् (प्रातिपदिक; -वत्-प्रत्यय)