Rig Veda 3.10.7: Mandala 3, Sukta 10, Mantra 7

Sukta 3.10

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Agni (as Hotṛ)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires full-sūkta confirmation)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अग्ने यजिष्ठो अध्वरे देवान्देवयते यज । होता मन्द्रो वि राजस्यति स्रिधः ॥

Transliteration

agné yájiṣṭho adhvaré devā́n devayaté yaja | hótā mandró ví rājasy áti srídhaḥ ||

Translation

O Agni, most skilled in offering, in the inner sacrifice do thou sacrifice the gods for the god-seeker. As the glad Hotṛ, shine forth in thy sovereignty and pass beyond the obstructions.

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Word by Word

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (address)
• Root: अग्नि-

• यजिष्ठः: most worshipful / best sacrificer
• यजिष्ठः: कर्तृ-विशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यजिष्ठ- (यज् ‘to worship/sacrifice’ + इष्ठ superlative)

• अध्वरे: in the sacrifice/rite
• अध्वरे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर-

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव-

• देवयते: for the god-seeking worshipper
• देवयते: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: देवयत्- (देव ‘god’ + यत् desiderative/denominative ‘to seek the gods’)

• यज: sacrifice/worship (offer)
• यज: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज्

• होता: the Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
• होता: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ- (यज् → होतृ ‘sacrificing priest’)

• मन्द्रः: gladdening, pleasant (in song)
• मन्द्रः: कर्तृ-विशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द्र-

• वि: apart, widely, forth
• वि: क्रियाविशेषणम्
• Type: Preverb/Indeclinable
• Root: वि

• राजस्यति: rules / shines forth royally
• राजस्यति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: राजस्/राजन् → राजस्यति (denominative ‘to rule/shine as king’)

• स्रिधः: (like) a firm support/prop; steadfastness
• स्रिधः: कर्ता (उपमान/वर्ण्य-वस्तु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्रिध्-