Rig Veda 2.3.6 — Mandala 2, Sukta 3, Mantra 6

Sukta 2.3

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)

Devata: Uṣas and Naktā (Dawn and Night)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

साध्वपांसि सनता न उक्षिते उषासानक्ता वय्येव रण्विते । तन्तुं ततं संवयन्ती समीची यज्ञस्य पेशः सुदुघे पयस्वती ॥

Transliteration

sādhv ápāṃsi sanatā́ na ukṣité uṣásā náktā vayyéva raṇvité | tántuṃ tatáṃ saṃváyantī samīcī́ yajñásya péśaḥ su-dúghe páyasvatī ||

Translation

Uṣas and Night, accomplishing rightly the ancient works for our increase, delighting like two birds, weave together in harmony the stretched thread; they shape the form of the sacrifice—two good milkers, full of the nourishing essence.

Word by Word

• साधु: well, rightly (good)
• साधु: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: साधु (प्रातिपदिक) < √साध्

• अपांसि: works, deeds
• अपांसि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सनता: from ancient times, of old
• सनता: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सनत् (अव्यय/निपात; ‘from of old’)

• नः: of us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• उक्षिते: sprinkling, bedewing
• उक्षिते: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: उक्षित (कृदन्त) < √उक्ष् ‘to sprinkle, moisten; pour’

• उषासा: Dawn
• उषासा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• नक्ता: Night
• नक्ता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: नक्त्/नक्तम् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वय्येव: as if desirable
• वय्येव: Kartā
• Type: Adjective + Indeclinable
• Root: वय्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘to be sought/desired’) + इव

• रण्विते: delighting, charming
• रण्विते: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: रण्वित (कृदन्त) < √रण्व्/√रम् ‘to delight, gladden’

• तन्तुम्: thread
• तन्तुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तन्तु (प्रातिपदिक)

• ततम्: stretched, extended
• ततम्: Karma
• Type: Past participle
• Root: तत (कृदन्त) < √तन् ‘to stretch’

• संवयन्ती: weaving together
• संवयन्ती: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Verb-adjective)
• Root: सं-√वे/√वय् ‘to weave, interweave’ (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)

• समीची: in harmony, concordant
• समीची: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समीचि (प्रातिपदिक) < सम्-अञ्च् ‘turned together, in accord’

• यज्ञस्य: of the sacrifice
• यज्ञस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• पेशः: form, adornment, beauty
• पेशः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पेशस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुदुघे: well-milking, bountiful
• सुदुघे: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (dual epithet)
• Root: सु-दुघ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good-milking’) < √दुह्

• पयस्वती: rich in milk/abundance
• पयस्वती: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पयस्-वत् (प्रातिपदिक)