Rig Veda 2.23.10: Mandala 2, Sukta 23, Mantra 10

Sukta 2.23

Rishi: Gṛtsamada

Devata: Bṛhaspati

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

त्वया वयमुत्तमं धीमहे वयो बृहस्पते पप्रिणा सस्निना युजा । मा नो दुःशंसो अभिदिप्सुरीशत प्र सुशंसा मतिभिस्तारिषीमहि ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.23.10

Transliteration

tváyā vayám uttamáṃ dhīmahe váyo bṛ́haspate pápriṇā sásninā yujā́ | mā́ no duḥ-śáṃso abhi-dípsur īśata prá su-śáṃsā matí-bhis tāriṣīmahi ||

Translation

With you, O Bṛhaspati, we hold the highest vital fullness—yoked with the overflowing and the victorious. Let not the ill-speaker who seeks to wound us gain mastery; rather, by our well-affirming thoughts may we cross beyond and arrive.

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Word by Word

• त्वया: by you / with you
• त्वया: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उत्तमम्: the highest / best
• उत्तमम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; ‘उद्+तम’)

• धीमहे: we hold/establish (in mind); we seek/attain
• धीमहे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु; वेदिक प्रयोग ‘धीमहि/धीमहे’ = ‘धारयेम/धीयामहे’)

• वयः: vital strength; vigor; life-power
• वयः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वयस् (नपुंसक-प्रातिपदिक)

• बृहस्पते: O Bṛhaspati
• बृहस्पते: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (Vocative)
• Root: बृहस्पति (पुं-प्रातिपदिक)

• पप्रिणा: as a fulfiller; as one who fills
• पप्रिणा: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पप्रि (विशेषण/कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √पॄ ‘पूरणे’ से ‘पूरयिता/पूरक’ अर्थ)

• सस्निना: with purifying/cleansing (power)
• सस्निना: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सस्नि (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; √स्ना/स्नि ‘स्नान/शुद्धि/प्रवाह’ से, वेदिक ‘सस्नि’ = ‘शुद्ध/प्रवाहित/प्रेरक’ प्रकार)

• युजा: as a yoker/ally; in union
• युजा: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युज् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √युज् ‘योजने’ से ‘युज्/युजा’ = ‘योजक/सहचर/युक्त’)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध-अव्यय)

• नः: to us / our
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• दुःशंसः: the evil-tongued; slanderer
• दुःशंसः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: दुःशंस (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; ‘दुः’+‘शंस’)

• अभिदिप्सुः: desiring to injure; seeking to attack
• अभिदिप्सुः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (agentive)
• Root: अभि-दीप्सु (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; desiderative from √दभ्/√दिप्? वेदिक ‘दीप्सु’ = ‘to harm/attack’ इच्छार्थक ‘-सुः’)

• ईशत: may he rule over / overpower
• ईशत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश् (धातु ‘ऐश्वर्ये/शासने’)

• प्र: forth; forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• सुशंसाः: good praisers; those of good praise
• सुशंसाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सुशंस (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; ‘सु’+‘शंस’)

• मतिभिः: with thoughts; with hymnic intentions
• मतिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मति (स्त्री-प्रातिपदिक)

• तारिषीमहि: may we cross over; may we overcome
• तारिषीमहि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (धातु ‘तरणे’)