Mantra 2
Sukta 1.5
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional for RV 1.1–1.11; thus for 1.5 as well)
Devata: Indra (invoked in the context of Soma)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (3×8 syllables typical of RV 1.5)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पुरूतमं पुरूणामीशानं वार्याणाम् । इन्द्रं सोमे सचा सुते ॥
Samhita Patha (IAST)
पु॒रू॒तमं॑ पुरू॒णामीशा॑नं॒ वार्या॑णाम् । इन्द्रं॒ सोमे॒ सचा॑ सु॒ते ॥
Transliteration
purūtamáṃ purūṇām īśā́naṃ vā́ryāṇām | índraṃ sóme sacā suté ||
Translation
Indra—most abundant among the many, the sovereign master of the choicest plenitudes—we call to be with us in the Soma that is pressed, companioning our offering and our aspiration.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
पु॒रु॒ऽतम॑म् । पु॒रू॒णाम् । ईशा॑नम् । वार्या॑णम् । इन्द्र॑म् । सोमे॑ । सचा॑ । सु॒ते ॥पुरुतमम् । पुरूणाम् । ईशानम् । वार्याणम् । इन्द्रम् । सोमे । सचा । सुते ॥puru-tamam | purūṇām | īśānam | vāryāṇam | indram | some | sacā | sute
Word by Word
पुरूतमम्most abundant / most bountiful
पुरूतमम्:
Karma (विशेष्य: इन्द्रम्) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरु-तम (प्रातिपदिक: पुरु ‘many’ + तमप् प्रत्यय ‘superlative’)
पुरूणाम्of many (men/things)
पुरूणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive of relation) — ‘of many’
TypeNoun/Adjective (genitive plural used substantively)
Rootपुरु- (प्रातिपदिक)
ईशानम्the lord / ruler
ईशानम्:
Karma (विशेष्य: इन्द्रम्) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective (used as substantive)
Rootईशान- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ruling, lordly’)
वार्याणाम्of choice boons / treasures
वार्याणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive of domain) — ‘of desirable boons/treasures’
TypeNoun
Rootवार्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘choice, excellent, desirable goods/boons’)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
Karma (object of implied ‘we invoke/praise’)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
सोमेin/at the Soma (pressing/rite)
सोमे:
Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘in/at the Soma [rite/drink]’)
TypeNoun
Rootसोम- (प्रातिपदिक)
सचाtogether with
सचा:
सह (associative) — ‘together with’
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसच् (अव्यय; Vedic adverb/preposition meaning ‘together with, in company with’)
सुतेin the pressed (Soma) / when Soma is pressed
सुते:
Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘when/where it is pressed’)
TypeKṛdanta (past passive participle used substantively)
Rootसु- (धातु ‘to press/extract’ → क्त/क्तवत्-भावे; here locative of ‘suta’ ‘pressed’)