Mantra 10
Sukta 1.5
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मा नो मर्ता अभि द्रुहन्तनूनामिन्द्र गिर्वणः । ईशानो यवया वधम् ॥
Samhita Patha (IAST)
मा नो॒ मर्ता॑ अ॒भि द्रु॑हन्त॒नूना॑मिन्द्र गिर्वणः । ईशा॑नो यवया व॒धम् ॥
Transliteration
mā no mártā abhi drúhant tanūnā́m indra girvaṇaḥ | ī́śāno yavayā vadhám ||
Translation
Let not the mortal impulses assail our embodied being with hostility. O Indra, Lord of the hymns, in thy mastery drive far away the stroke of destruction.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
मा । नः॒ । मर्ताः॑ । अ॒भि । द्रु॒ह॒न् । त॒नूना॑म् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । गि॒र्व॒णः॒ । ईशा॑नः । य॒व॒य॒ । व॒धम् ॥मा । नः । मर्ताः । अभि । द्रुहन् । तनूनाम् । इन्द्र । गिर्वणः । ईशानः । यवय । वधम् ॥mā | naḥ | martāḥ | abhi | druhan | tanūnām | indra | girvaṇaḥ | īśānaḥ | yavaya | vadham
Word by Word
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) / mā́
नःus / for us
नः:
Sampradāna (beneficiary/affected: ‘to/for us’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
मर्ताःmortals
मर्ताः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त (√मृ ‘to die’)
अभिagainst, towards
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि
द्रुहन्let them not harm / be hostile
द्रुहन्:
Karma (governs the object ‘तनूनाम्’ via verbal action)
TypeVerb
Root√द्रुह्
तनूनाम्(of our) bodies / persons
तनूनाम्:
Karma (object in sense: ‘our bodies/persons’; genitive of relation used with √द्रुह् in Vedic)
TypeNoun
Rootतनू
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
Sambodhana (addressed deity)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र
गिर्वणःO praise-delighting (acceptor of hymns)
गिर्वणः:
Sambodhana (epithet of Indra)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootगिर्वणस् (gir-vaṇas) / ‘praise-delighting’
ईशानःbeing lord / as master
ईशानः:
Kartā (of ‘यवय’)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootईशान (from √ईश् ‘to rule, be master’)
यवयward off / drive away
यवय:
Kartā (implicit ‘त्वम्’ = Indra) acting on object ‘वधम्’
TypeVerb
Root√यु / √यव (Vedic: ‘to ward off, remove, keep away’)
वधम्slaying, deadly blow, harm
वधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवध