Mantra 6
Sukta 1.38
Rishi: Ghoṣā Kāksīvatī (traditional attribution for RV 1.38)
Devata: Maruts (invoked as protectors against hostile powers; Nirr̥ti appears as the adversary)
Chandas: Jagatī (likely; verse-level meter confirmation needed)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मो षु णः परापरा निॠतिर्दुर्हणा वधीत् । पदीष्ट तृष्णया सह ॥
Samhita Patha (IAST)
मो षु ण॒: परा॑परा॒ निॠ॑तिर्दु॒र्हणा॑ वधीत् । प॒दी॒ष्ट तृष्ण॑या स॒ह ॥
Transliteration
mó ṣú ṇaḥ parā́parā níḥṛtir durhánā vadhīt | padī́ṣṭa tṛ́ṣṇayā sahá ||
Translation
May ruin, moving to and fro, not strike us down—she who is hard to overcome; let her not tread on our steps together with thirst, the burning lack that dries the soul.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
मो इति॑ । सु । नः॒ । परा॑ऽपरा । निःऽऋ॑तिः । दुः॒ऽहना॑ । व॒धी॒त् । प॒दी॒ष्ट । तृष्ण॑या । स॒ह ॥मो इति । सु । नः । परापरा । निःऋतिः । दुःहना । वधीत् । पदीष्ट । तृष्णया । सह ॥mo iti | su | ṇaḥ | parāparā | niḥ-ṛtiḥ | duḥ-hanā | vadhīt | padīṣṭa | tṛṣṇayā | saha
Word by Word
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) / मा (अव्यय)
षुindeed, just
षु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootषु (अव्यय)
नःto us / for us
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
परापराfar and near; from afar or nearby (i.e., from any side)
परापरा:
Kartā (with निऋतिः) / or adjective of subject
TypeAdjective
Rootपरा-अपरा (प्रातिपदिक)
निऋतिःNirṛti (goddess of destruction/misfortune), calamity
निऋतिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootनिऋति (प्रातिपदिक)
दुर्हणाhard to ward off; difficult to overcome
दुर्हणा:
Kartā (with निऋतिः) / adjective of subject
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्-हण (प्रातिपदिक; हण्/हन् ‘to strike, slay’ से)
वधीत्may (she/it) not strike/slay
वधीत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootवध् (धातु) / वध् ‘to strike, slay’
पदीष्टstep, tread
पदीष्ट:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootपद् (धातु) ‘to go, step’
तृष्णयाwith thirst; by thirst
तृष्णया:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootतृष्णा (प्रातिपदिक)
सहtogether with
सह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह (अव्यय/उपसर्गीय)