Shloka 4

Matsya Purana — Genealogy of Kaśyapa: Ādityas

Devanagari script

इन्द्रो धाता भगस् त्वष्टा मित्रो ऽथ वरुणो यमः विवस्वान्सविता पूषा अंशुमान् विष्णुर् एव च //

Transliteration

indro dhātā bhagas tvaṣṭā mitro 'tha varuṇo yamaḥ vivasvānsavitā pūṣā aṃśumān viṣṇur eva ca //

Translation

Indra; Dhātṛ; Bhaga; Tvaṣṭṛ; then Mitra, Varuṇa, and Yama; Vivasvān, Savitṛ, Pūṣan, Aṁśumān—and Viṣṇu as well—(these are the deities being enumerated).

Word by Word

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ): Indra, lord of the gods

• धाता (dhātā): Dhātṛ, the establisher/sustainer

• भगः (bhagaḥ): Bhaga, bestower of fortune

• त्वष्टा (tvaṣṭā): Tvaṣṭṛ, divine artisan/shaper

• मित्रः (mitraḥ): Mitra, deity of covenant and harmony

• अथ (atha): then/next

• वरुणः (varuṇaḥ): Varuṇa, lord of cosmic order and waters

• यमः (yamaḥ): Yama, lord of justice and the departed

• विवस्वान् (vivasvān): Vivasvān, the Sun (as progenitor)

• सविता (savitā): Savitṛ, the impeller (solar deity)

• पूषा (pūṣā): Pūṣan, nourisher and guide

• अंशुमान् (aṁśumān): Aṁśumān, radiant one (a solar epithet)

• विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ): Viṣṇu, the all-pervading Lord

• एव (eva): indeed/also

• च (ca): and

Speaker

• Suta (narrator) describing the cosmic pantheon within the Matsya Purana’s early cosmology

Entities Mentioned

• Indra
• Dhatr
• Bhaga
• Tvashtr
• Mitra
• Varuna
• Yama
• Vivasvan
• Savitr
• Pushan
• Amshuman
• Vishnu

Tags

• Cosmology
• Adityas
• VedicDeities
• Dharma
• SolarDeities

FAQs

What does this verse reveal about the creation or dissolution (Pralaya)?

This verse does not describe Pralaya directly; it catalogs key deities who govern cosmic functions (order, justice, solar energy, prosperity), implying the structured administration that precedes or restores the world after cosmic upheavals.

How does this verse relate to the duties of a King or Householder?

By naming deities associated with ṛta/dharma (Varuṇa, Yama, Mitra) and prosperity (Bhaga, Pūṣan), the verse frames an ethical model: rulers and householders should uphold order, truthful agreements, fair judgment, and the welfare/nourishment of society.

What is the architectural or ritual significance mentioned here?

No direct Vāstu or temple-rule detail appears here, but such deity lists commonly function as ritual invocations (devatā-smaraṇa) used to sanctify rites; later Vāstu and iconography sections often align directions, functions, and offerings with specific deities.