Shloka 16
Aśvatthāman’s Admonition to Karṇa on Boasting, Varṇa-Duties, and the Threat of Arjuna
Virāṭa-parva, Adhyāya 45
Devanagari script
उत्तर उवाच परमोअनुग्रहो मेडद्य यतस्तकों न मे वृथा । न हीदृशा: क्लीबरूपा भवन्ति तु नरोत्तम,उत्तरने कहा--नरश्रेष्ठ। आज मुझपर आपने बड़ा अनुग्रह किया, जो मुझे सब बात बता दी। ऐसे लक्षणोंवाले पुरुष नपुंसक नहीं होते, इस प्रकार जो मेरे मनमें तर्क उठ रहा था, वह व्यर्थ नहीं था
Translation
Uttara said: “O best of men, today you have shown me great favor by telling me everything. A man bearing such marks cannot be a eunuch; thus the reasoning that rose in my mind was not in vain.”
Word by Word
उत्तरःUttara (name)
उत्तरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular
परमःsupreme, great
परमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनुग्रहःfavor, kindness
अनुग्रहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनुग्रह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मेto me / of me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative/Genitive, Singular
अद्यtoday, now
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
यतःsince, because
यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस्
तत्that (thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कथितम्told, explained
कथितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकथ्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
मेto me / of me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative/Genitive, Singular
वृथाin vain, falsely
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
ईदृशाःsuch (as these)
ईदृशाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्लीबरूपाःhaving the form/appearance of a eunuch
क्लीबरूपाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्लीबरूप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तिare, become
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
नर-उत्तमO best of men
नर-उत्तम:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootनरोत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
उत्तर उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes