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Shloka 19

Omens in the Kuru Host and Droṇa’s Recognition of Arjuna (क्लीबवेषधारी पार्थ-परिज्ञानम्)

अर्जुनस्य किलासीस्त्वं सारथिर्दयित: पुरा । त्वयाजयत्‌ सहायेन पृथिवीं पाण्डवर्षभ:,“पहले तुम अर्जुनका प्रिय सारथि रह चुकी हो और तुम्हारी ही सहायतासे उन पाण्डवशिरोमणिने समूची पृथ्वीपर विजय पायी है”

arjunasya kilāsīstvaṃ sārathir dayitaḥ purā | tvayājayat sahāyena pṛthivīṃ pāṇḍavarṣabhaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “Indeed, you were once Arjuna’s beloved charioteer; and with your aid that bull among the Pāṇḍavas won victory over the whole earth.”

अर्जुनस्यof Arjuna
अर्जुनस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
किलindeed/it is said
किल:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिल
आसीःyou were
आसीः:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (Lan), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
सारथिःcharioteer
सारथिः:
Predicate
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दयितःbeloved/dear
दयितः:
Predicate
TypeAdjective
Rootदयित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुराformerly/once
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
त्वयाby you/with you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
अजयत्conquered
अजयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सहायेनwith (your) help/assistance
सहायेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पाण्डवर्षभःthe bull among the Pandavas (best of the Pandavas)
पाण्डवर्षभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
P
Pāṇḍava (Arjuna as pāṇḍavarṣabha)
S
Sārathi (charioteer figure addressed)
P
Pṛthivī (the earth/realm)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that achievement—especially in righteous rule and battle—is supported by faithful companionship and competent guidance; glory is not isolated but arises through cooperative dharmic effort.

Vaiśampāyana recalls an earlier relationship: the person addressed had once been Arjuna’s dear charioteer, and with that support Arjuna (praised as the foremost Pāṇḍava) achieved wide conquest.